NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



1-3 



A ncisi discovered staple of Commerce. — Mr. Jo- 

 seph Giles, «n inp;(^nions tanner of this county, 

 has discovered -.iiid reduced (o practice a me- 

 tliod of ohtaining a licjuid extract from oak or 

 hemlock bark, saturated with the Tanning prin- 

 ciple, to so hi^li a degree, that calfskins im- 

 mersed therein will be thoroughly and fairly tan- 

 ned in 18 hours, and other hides in time equal- 

 ly short m proportion to their thickness. One 

 hogshead of iVIr. Giles' extract contains the 

 certain tanning power of four cords of bark. 

 There is no foreign substance used by Mr. Giles 

 in his extract, nothing but the pure tanning 

 lixivium drawn by an mgenious and peculiar pro- 

 cess from the bark. Mr. Giles has secured to 

 himself the exclusive right to his discovery, and 

 is erecting works for an extensive Manufacttire 

 of the article. He has testimonials from Tan- 

 ners of the first resjiectability in the cities of 

 Troy, Albany, N. Vork, and Brooklyn, who 

 have tried his article, of its surprising power 

 and efficacy, in separating with great rapidity, 

 the gelatine from the hide, and producing the 

 leather in a tine durable, and healthy condition. 



Great public benefits are likely to result from 

 this discovery. In addition to the great saving 

 of lime and labour, the leather produced by the 

 use of this liquor being more completely tanned, 

 will weigh heavier, wear better and be less 

 susceptible of moisture than leather tanned in 

 the usual way. Cords, ropes and cables satu- 

 rated with this tanning principle, will support 

 much greater weight, without breaking, be less 

 liable to be worn by friction, and will wear 

 more smoothly on pullies, and thereby super- 

 cede the use of tar. 



This lixivium, being also the most powerful 

 and friendly astringent yet discovered, will pro- 

 bably be of great use in the Materia Me/iiea. 

 Bratthboro' Vt. Messenger. 



Description of a Soil. — Mr. Cobbett gives the 

 following description of the soil best calculated 

 for growing the wheat to be used for straw plat 

 in imitation of Leghorn : — " I am of opinion 

 that a clean, poor, clayey field ; a nasty, stifl, 

 miserable, wicked soil, that clings and bakes as 

 hard as a stone, with 5 or 6 days sun, and that 

 is as cold as Greenland six inches beneath the 

 surface ; a field that has broken the hearts of 

 hundreds of horses, and scores of farmers ; 1 

 think if you could get such a field as this quite 

 clean, and were to sow it with ten bushels to 

 the acre, you might probably get a crop of 

 wheat as tine as hogs bristles ; and, let this be 

 observed, that there is no land that produces 

 straw so solid and so round as this miserable 

 clay." 



Cashmere Shawl:. — The rich Cashmere Shawls 

 are manufactured in the city of Cashmere, in 

 the northern part of Hindostan, now subject to 

 the Afghans. They are made of the wool or 

 hair of a species of goat found in Thibet and 

 Tartary, some of which have been introduced 

 into France. A few years since, there were 

 16,000 persons in Cashmere employed in mak- 

 ing shawls. A remarkably fine shawl occupies 

 a loom and three persons more than a year ; 

 and of the best and most worked kinds, not so 

 much as a quarter of an inch is completed in a 

 day. For plain shawls, a shuttle is used, but 

 the variegated ones are worked with wooden 

 needles, one for each colour, without shuttles. 



The rough side of the s'lawl is uppermost on 

 the frame. Tlie head workman receives about 

 20 cents per day, and the common workmen 

 froi.-i ;s to 10 cents. 



The Cashmerians manufacture a great many 

 shawls from the wool of a breed of sheep, which 

 arc lound in the vale of Cashmere, and in Thi- 

 bet and Boutan. — This wool, it is said, surpasses 

 every other in the world for softness, whiteness, 

 and fineness; and some travellers assert that it 

 is from 20 to 21 inches in length ! Camel's hair 

 is also used for shawls. Most of the Cashmere 

 shawls, so called, that are imported into the U- 

 nited States, are manufactured in Europe. 



[Hampshire Gazette. 



Cheap Living. — Mr. Cobbett mentions an in- 

 teresting case of an English landholder, who 

 had a good estate mortgaged., and whose sub- 

 stance was decaying annually in England. By 

 Mr. Cobbett's advice, he sold his estate, paid off 

 his mortgage, and found he had five hundred 

 pounds a year left, with a large family to sup- 

 port. We quote the rest from the Pohlical Re- 

 gister., of May 1. "This was in March, 1023. 

 He went home and staid till mid April; and 

 then he came up, and without knowing a word 

 of French, he went over to France in June last. 

 He rents, in a village in Britany, a nice house, 

 garden, and about eight English acres of land, 

 for 150 francs, or about six pounds of our money 

 a year. He keeps a horse and a cabriolet, two 

 cows, and a brace of pointers. He keeps a man 

 servant and a maid servant. He lives well, and 

 drinks wine as much as he chooses. He has a 

 most agreeable neighbourhood. And he told 

 me, with joy in his countenance, which I can- 

 not well describe, that he was actually laying by 

 foOr hundred pounds sterling a year!" 



Carbonated Sarsaparilla Mead. — In hot weath- 

 er, every body will dcink. The question is, 

 what shall they drink? This question has af- 

 forded opportunities for the Chemists to com- 

 bine substances which are calculated to neutral- 

 ize the a:id in the stomach, and counteract sep- 

 tic tendencies and the putrefactive process; — 

 for Physicians to eke out substances from the 

 materia mcdica, which by infusion, solution, or 

 decoction, are suited to brace the system, and 

 counteract, by their habitual use, the debilita- 

 ting influence of heat ; — for Apothecaries to 

 compose, nicely put up, have stamped, and sell, 

 perhaps at a profit, various species of syrups 

 and powders: — and for dealers in palate-pleas- 

 ers, to decorate their shops with apparatus for 

 drawing beer, ale, porter, soda water, rochelle 

 water, liquid magnesia, mead, carbonated mead, 

 and now lastly carbonated sarsaparilla mead. 



It is true a great variety of^ articles of this 

 description may be got at the Soda-shops, but 

 we are glad (o see the number increasing, if it 

 but increases in the right direction. When 

 health is the object of each improvement, the 

 improvements cannot be too numerous. Of all 

 the articles hitherto in use, none has been so 

 well calculated to unite the advantages of being 

 pleasant to the taste, purifying to the blood, 

 strengthening to the system, and softening to 

 the skin as the article just added to the list ; 

 and we think it will prove to be the most agree- 

 able, salutary and fashionable, of all our summer 

 potations. Bost. Med. Int. 



Cookery for the women.— Clay Jnmhics.— Take 

 3 tea cups of sugar ; 2 do. butler ; 5 do. flour ; 

 and 3 eggs rolled in loaf sugar. 



Jackson Jumbles. — Take 3 tea cups sugar; 1 

 do. butler; do. flour; 1 lea spoonful of pearl 

 ash in a cup of cream ; and 2 eggs. — Bake iri a 

 quick oven, but be careful not to burn. — V. Rec. 



Poisoning by Copper. — A young gentleman 

 nearly lost his life, on Thursday last, by eating 

 honey which had been slancling in a copper ves- 

 sel. — Two children were also greatly in ilanger 

 in consequence of eating cranberry-sauce stew- 

 ed in a copper l)asin. They vomited, occa- 

 sionally, for eight hours, and were finally re» 

 lieved by the administration of soda water. 



Bost. Med. Int. 



NEW ENGLAND FARRIER. 



SATURDAY, AUGUST 7, 1824. 



Compcniiiiim ofAgrictdture, or the Farmer''s Guide, 

 on the most essential parts of Husbandry and 

 Gardening ; compiled from the best American 

 and European publications., and the unwritten 

 opinions of experienced Cultivators. By Wil- 

 liam Drown, Tfith the aid and inspection o/" So- 

 lomon Drown, M. D. Duodecimo, pp. 288. 

 Providence, Field & Maxcy, 1824. 



The above work presents to the American 

 farmer a cheap and useful manual or introduc- 

 tion to scientific and practical husbandry. In a 

 book of so limited a compass many things must, 

 of course be omitted, which would be necessary 

 in order to give a complete treatise on a science 

 so extensive, and an art so complicated as that 

 of Agriculture. But it would be difficult, in the 

 same number of words to comprise a greater 

 number of ideas, which may prove practically 

 important to the cultivator than arc contained 

 in the abovementioned compilation. 



In the introduction to the " Farmer's Guide," 

 its readers are presented with the following by 

 way of excuse for printing a new work on a 

 subject, which has employed so many able pens, 

 and solicited the attention and patronage of the 

 public in such a variety of forms. 



" Some apology may seem necessary for pub-.- 

 lishing a new work on Agriculture ; a subject 

 which has been ably handled both in Europe, 

 and in this country. — Let the following suffice as 

 all we have time to offer on this head. — That 

 as knowledge is naturally advantageous, and as 

 every man ought to be in the way of informa- 

 tion, even a superfluity of books is not without 

 its use, since hereby they are brought to ob- 

 trude themselves on us, and to engage us 

 unawares. This advantage, an ancient father 

 observes, we owe to the multiplicity of books 

 on the same subject, that one falls in the way of 

 one man, and another best suits the apprehen- 

 sion of another.—" Every thing that is written," 

 says he, " does not come into the hands of all 

 persons: perhaps some may meet with my books, 

 who may hear nothing of others which have 

 treated better of the same subject. It is of ser- 

 vice, therefore, that the same questions be 

 handled by several persons, and after different 

 methods though all on the same principles, that 



