INEW ENGLAND FARME R. 



PUBLISHED IJV JOHN \i. llUSSt]Lh, ItOGERS' LiUlhUUNGP, ('ONGRKSS Si'UK.CT, ISOSTOX.-nTHOM.AS G. FnSSENDF.N, KUITOR. 



VOL. III. 



'SSKI 



FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1824. 



No. 17. 



®rtstn<il ©ommtiutcntfons, 



TO rnB F.DlTOll OF THE NEW r.XC.I.AND rA4MK!l. 



IMPRo^•F.n iioE. 



Mr FfSSFAiiEN,— IVtIkip"! llip following cii- 

 oTiivinC' of die iinprovfd ciist stnel lines ni.iy 

 bo of some interest to your reiulers. The im- 

 proveniont consists piinciptilly in tlie cy«of liie 

 liop, wiiich passe* llirougli llic plate of it, ami 

 is rivettt'il all round, instead of on two orlliroe 

 sides, as in the common hoc. It obtaited ilin 

 prominm at Brip;hlon, and is thus spolviin of in 

 Mr Q,nxcv's Report on Asrricnlliiral Implement'^ 

 and Inventions : '• This improvement givei ifKiiiy 

 advantages, which iVom inspection is apparent. 

 Their cost is 75 cents. Mr Bislieo. the in«ntor. 

 produced certificates that they had heet used 

 and approved by practical t'armers, am* were 

 considered cheap, conipared with other oes.at 

 that price." A specimen of these hoes can he 

 seen at the office of the New England Ijrmer. 



iswer this question, and thereby oblige one whoi Mr Coxe says, " the .<eedi generally used for 

 \ is as ready to impart information respecting ag- 1 this purpose are obtained from the pomace of ci 



ricullurc, 



as to receive it. 

 Yours, Sic. 



R. BRISTOL. 



TO THE r.DITOn OF TUF. NEW ENGI.A.ND FARMER. 



ON FRUIT TREES. 

 Mr Ff.ssf,M)k\, — Notwithstanding what has 



been alreaily published in your paper relative 



to the cullivation ol' young Fruit Trees, yet I 



imagine that further information upon this sub- 

 ject would be acceptable. In retracing your 



useful paper, I have discovered nothing in par- 



tirul.ir respecting the raising ofyoung t'luit trees 



Irom the seeds. The opinion generally preva- 

 ; lent in this part of the Commonwealth, is, that 

 I sucl;ers or sprouts round the trunks of old trees, j Encyclopedia advises to trench it to the depth of 



torn from the parent stock, furnish the best and I about two feet in the month of August. The 



der apples ; liiey may be sown in autumn on rich 

 ground, properly prepared for cultivation, and 

 by the deslruction of the seeds of weeds, ei- 

 ther in broad cast, or in rows, and covered with 

 tine earth ; or they may be separated from the 

 pomace, cleaned and dried, and preserved in a 

 tight box or cask to be sown in the spring; the 

 latter mode may be adopted when nurseries are 

 to be established in now and distant situations ; 

 the former is more easy, and most generally 

 praclise<i." 



The ground in which it is intended to sow 

 the seeds for a nursery of fruit trees should be 

 cleared from all weeds and the seeds of weeds. 

 It should bo ploughed deeply. The Domestic 



-TO THE EDITOR OF THK XEW F.SCJ.ASO FARMER. 



USE OF LIME AS A MANURE. 

 Mr Fessendf.x — I noticed in the N. E. Farmer 

 (I think of April 3) some remarks respecting 

 the use of lime as a manure, especially when 

 mixed with meadow mud. Unfortunately my 

 stable does not supply me with so great a quan- 

 tity of manure as I should wish to bestow upon 

 my farm, and I have been obliged to re-ort to a 

 slough to make up the deticiency. However 

 beneficial this may have been to the land, its 

 effects fall intinilely short of those of good com- 

 post manure. The hope that mixmg it will 

 lime will in some degree remedy its deticien- 

 cies, has induced me to make the inqnirv. 

 through the medium of your paper, in wh:it 

 proportions the mixture should be made; thai 

 is to say, — how many common cart bucks ol 

 this mud should be mixed with twenty busbeU 

 of lime (the quantity used upon an acre.) Per- 

 haps some of your readers will be able to an- 



most convenient method of procedure to obtain 

 young trees. But I am convinced that the best, 

 most convenient, and surest way of obtaining 

 good and thrifty trees, is from the seed. I have 

 had but very little ex|icrienco with regard to 

 cultivaiing them, and solicit the favour of some 

 experienced gentleman, who is well acquainted 

 with managing them, to answer the following 

 inquiries, through the medium of your paper : 



1. What time in the season is it best to plant 

 the seed ? 



2. In what manner' is it most beneficial to 

 plant them, — in hills, drills, or rows ? 



.3. At \vhat age is it necessary to pull them 

 up in order to eradicate the tap-root ? 



4. Whether the young trees will be of the 

 same kind as those from which tlie seed was 

 lakco ? 



5. If not, what age is best for inoculation? — 

 And ;Tiy other valuable information which may 

 be Ihcught necessary and useful to the public, 

 will be pleasing and acceptable. 



Yours, very respeclfnllv, 



J. W. CAPRON. 

 Aaleboto\ (Mass.) A'ov. 17, 1824. 



[rem.vkks by the editop..] 

 We should he happy to receive communica- 

 tions from our correspondents with regard to the 

 subjects of Mr C.'s inquiries. In the mean time 

 we will give such information as we have deri- 

 ved, in [lart from observation, but mostly from 

 writers who Iiave given directions relative to 

 this branch of rural economy. 



Dr Dea.ve says, " the season for planting ei- 

 ther seeds or stones is about the month of Octo- 

 ber. If it were done in the spring, none of the 

 plants would be up in less than a 3'ear ; and a 

 considerable proportion of the seeds would per- 

 ish. John Kenrick, Esq. of Newton, Mass. has 

 adopted the following method: — "Take the 

 pumace from late made cider, separate the seeds 

 by means of a riddle sieve, mix them with a 

 quantity of rich lonm sifted fine; put this into a 

 box, and expose it to the weather during win- 

 ter. In April the earth and seeds are put into 

 the basket and washed till the seeds are sepa- 

 rated ; when the^' are planted in a naturally 

 rich soil, thoroughly |>ulverizfd. ami well pre- 

 pared with rotten manure aud leached ashes." 



situation should be such as to admit of a free 

 circulation of air, and open to the sun. The 

 soil, neither very wet nor very dry, should be 

 free from stones, and a place where fruit trees 

 have net lately grown. The seeds planted in 

 straight aiTd parallel rnwo, three or three and a 

 half feel apart, and about two inches deep. — 

 They should be sown thickly, and if they come 

 up too near together, they should be thinned 

 out so as to stand about G inches apart in the 

 rows. 



Mr Cose says, "During the first season, the 

 young trees are to be kept- free from weeds, and 

 cultivated with the hoe : ihey will be fit for 

 tran«rJjn!iug in the t'oHowiog spring; or, as 

 sometimes may be more convenient, in the au- 

 tumn, after the tall of the leaf. If natural fruit 

 lie the object of the cultivator, attention should 

 be paid to the selection of seedling plants, 

 which have the leaves large and thick, for such 

 are most likely to produce a good variety of 

 fruit. Where a species has been ameliorated 

 by cullivation, (says Professor Davy) the seeds 

 it afi'ords, other circumstances being similar, 

 produce more perfect and vigorous plants; and 

 in this way, the great improvements in the 

 production of our fruits seem to have been ef- 

 fected." The same observing writer also re- 

 marks, " that the seeds of plants exalted by 

 cultivation, always furnish large and improved 

 varieties, but the flavour and even colour ot the 

 fruit, seems to be a matter of accident : thus a 

 hundred seeds of the Golden Pippin will always 

 produce fine large leaved apple trees, bearmgf 

 fruit of a considerable size ; but the taste and 

 colour of the apples from each will be differ- 

 ent, and none will be the same in kind as those 

 of the pippin itself: some will be sweet, some 

 sour, some bitter, some mawkish, some aroma- 

 tic, some yellow, some green, some red and 

 some streaked; all the apple.s, however, wdl 

 be much more perfect than those from the seeds 

 of the crab, which produce trees all of the s.ime 

 kind, and all bearing sour and diminutive fruji." 



Mr Samuel Preston, of Stockport, Penn. in a 

 communication, published in the New England 

 Farmer, vol. i ['age 121, says, " I raised in my 

 garden from the seeds of one favourite apple, 

 ten trees, that after being transplanted in my 

 orchard grew to bear fruit. Not one of them 



