NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



141 



brclliren, not to be ivcary in well-doing. And, 

 HS this is ii work of l)etievolencc, of nreat use- 

 fulness to the communil}', ;i common caiiso in 

 which every good citizen and every good m:iii 

 may engage, 1 iavite all who hoar nie to aflurd 

 (heir connletiance and assistance to the inlcr- 

 csts of tlii? Society. Von \vill have llie apprn- 

 I)ation of the benevolent and (he wise, you will 

 have the gratitndc ol' those that shall come af- 

 ter yon, you will have that best reward ol' a 

 good mind, the privilege ol' doing- good. 



One ot'the most mistaken apprehensions res- 

 pecting our pnlilic exhibitions, is, that it is dis- 

 honorable to present a valnalde article and not 

 obtain a premium. Every good specimen of in- 

 genuity or labour is honorable to the owner ; 

 and, surely, it is not less so if another can he 

 exhibited equally good. 



Finally, my lirelhren, let those who go forth 

 to the fields ol labour remember Ihit the God 

 of Heaven called ihe shepherd of .Midian, while 

 feeding his' flock, to the. greatest enterprise, to 

 the most important service that any man has ev- 

 er achieved. From the sheep cote, he took 

 David his chosen to rule his Israel, the people 

 of his covenant. From following the plough 

 in the midst of his labourers, he called Elisha to 

 the prophetical oflice, to cultivate the moral 

 (ieW and raise the plants of righteousness. — 

 These were among the most distinguished of 

 the ancient saints, of whom the world was not 

 worthy. — In these peaceful fields, may you find 

 the blessing of the God of the patriarchs, the 

 great .\ngel of the covenant, and he continually 

 preparing to rise hereafter to the domains of 

 the blessed, to gather llie harvests of immortal- 

 ity in the kingdom of your God and Saviour. 



From Ihe {English') .Mechanics'' Journal. 



MEDICAL PRECEPTS. 



Health may be as much injured hy inferrnpt- 

 <;d and insufficient sleep, as by luxurious indul- 

 gence. 



The dehililafed require much more r.»s( than 

 the rohust ; notiiing is so restorative to the 

 nerves as sound and uninterrupted sleep. 



The studious need a full portion of sleep ; 

 which seems to he as necessary a nuirijient to 

 the brain as food is to the stomach. 



Our strengih and spirits are infinitely more 

 exhausted by the exercise of our mental, than 

 ])y the labour of our corporeal f;>.cullies — let 

 any person try Ihe effect of intense application 

 for a few hours: he will soon find bow much 

 his body is fatigued thereby, although lie has 

 not stirred from the chafr he sat on. 



Those who are candidates for heallb must 

 be as circumspect in the task they set their 

 mind, as in the exercise tin \ give to their bo- 

 dy. The grand secret seems to he to crntrive 

 that the exercise of the body ami that of (he 

 niiud may serve as rel.'xalions to each other. 

 0\ er exerlion and anxiety of mind disliiibs di- 

 gestion inlimlely more tli'an any f.itiarue of the 

 body. The brain demands a much more abun- 

 dant supply of the animal spirits than is lecpn'r- 

 ed for the excitement of mere legs an I nrmsj. 



Those who possess anil employ the powers 

 01 the muid ni's!, si-bb m attain t. 5'reat asre ; 

 (see " Brnuaud de I'Hygiene des Gens de Lel- 

 tres, Paris," 8vo. 1819";) ihp envy their iaients 

 excite, the disappointment they oi'ien meet with 



in their fxpectalions of receiving Ihe utmost 

 attention and respect, which the world has sel- 

 dom the gratitude to pay Ihein while they live, 

 keep them in a per[ietn;il stale of irritation and 

 disquiet, which frets thcin prematurely lo their 

 graves. 



To rest a whole day after fitigue of either 

 body or mind, is occasionally extremely benefi- 

 cial. 



j\ll-liealin<r sleep soon neutralizes the corrod- 

 ing caslle of care, and blnnls even the barbed 

 arrows of the marble-hearted llend, iiigraliliule. 



Cbihl of woe, lay thy hea<l on thy pill(u\. 

 (instead of thy mouth lo the botlle.) 



The loss ol' our first and best t'riends, our 

 parents — regret for the past, and anxiety about 

 the t'uture, prevent the enjoyment of the pro- 

 sent — and are the cause of those nervous and 

 bilious disorders which attack most of us at the 

 commencement of Ihe third period of life — 

 these precursors of paUy and gout, may gener- 

 ally he traced to disappointments and anxiety 

 of mind. 



Some cannot sleep if they eat any supper — 

 and, certainly, the lighter Ihe meal is, Ihe bet- 

 ter. Others, need not fiut on their night cap, 

 if thev do not first bribe their stomachs lo good 

 behaviour by a certain quantity of bread and 

 cheese and beer, &lc and go lo bed immediate- 

 ly after. 



The best bed is a well stuffed and well curl- 

 ed horse hair mallrcss, six incites ihick at the 

 head, gradually diminishing to three; on this 

 another mattress live or six inches in thickness ; 

 these should be unpicked and exposed to Ihe 

 air, once every vear. An elastic hnrse-hair 

 mattress is incomparably the most pleasant, as 

 well as the most wholesome bed. 



Bed rooms should he ihoroushly ventilated 

 by leaving both the window and the door open 

 every day when the weather is not cold or 

 damp, during which the bed should remain un- 

 made, and the clothes be taken ofi" and spread 

 out for an hour at leasl, before the bed is made 

 again. 



A fire in tlte bed room is sometimes indispen- 

 sable, but not as usually made ; it is commonly 

 lighted only jnsi before bod lime, and prevents 

 sleep by Ihe noise it makes. 



A fire should be lighted about three or four 

 hours bef<jr?, and so managed that it may burn 

 entirely out h;ilf an hour before you go to bed 

 — then the air of Ihe room will he comfortably 

 warmed — and certainly more fit lo receive an 

 invalid who has been silting all day in a parlour 

 ;is hot as an oven, than a damp chamber that 

 is as cold as a well. 



From the .Vtte York Statesman. 



IMPOFxTANT INVENTION. 



^he London British Press, of tVie 23rl of September 

 last, contains 'the following editorial notice of a com- 

 pany lati'ly forms d in that city : 



A itew Company, upon a large scale, has just 

 been formed in ihe C^ily, for the pur()Ose of ap- 

 plying Mr Bnovvx's Gas Engine lo the propell- 

 ing o* wheel carnage.s. The capital is £200,000, 

 in shares oi £iO each, of which ten per cent is 

 lo be deposiied in advance, and no more will 

 be required nnlil the projectors shall have dri- 

 ven a carria2:e from London to York and back 

 'affain, at Ihe rate often mdes an hour. All Ihe 

 shares are already subscribed for, and they ex- 



pect to be enabled to start their first carriage 

 in about two mnnliis from Ibis date. 



We have always looked upon Mr Br.owK's 

 invention as the first discovery of the age in 

 which we live, and wc have not Ihe slightest 

 doubt of success of the experiment, as ihe pow- 

 er applied is so portable, that a man of ordinary 

 strength might carry an engine of Iwo-horse 

 power on his back ; and the quantity of power, 

 t'lerefore, lo give velocily, need only be limited 

 by Ihe necessity of sfu<lying the safety of lite 

 passengers ami the public at large. If, there- 

 fore, it is found that a carriage ca.i travel, with- 

 out danger, at the rate of twenty miies an hour, 

 the necessary power can be applied quite as 

 easily as if it was rmlv required to projjel it at 

 Ihe rale of ten. We have no doubl, therefore, 

 that afler Ihe experimenlal carriage has made 

 its first trip, shares will rise 100 per Cent. 



As Mr Brown's invention has excited much attention 

 and curiosity in this country we subjoin the following^ 

 description from the Artisan, a London publication de- 

 voted |to mechanics : 



J^'ew Gas Vacuum Engine. — This is an en- 

 gine similar in its effects to Ihe steam engine; 

 but differing so far from it as not (o require the 

 aid of steam at all. The immediate cause of 

 motion in this engine is Hydrogen gas; which, 

 as the inventor and Patentee, Mr Brown, says, 

 in his discriplion of it, " is introduced along a 

 pipe into an open cylinder or vessel, whilst a 

 flame, placed on the outside of and near a cyl- 

 inder, is constantly kepi burning, and at proper 

 times comes in cnntact with, and igniies Ihe gas 

 therein ; the cylinder is then closed air-tight, 

 and the flame jtrevenled from entering it. The 

 gas continues to flow into the cylinder for a short 

 period of time, and then is stopped oil ; during 

 tliiit time it acls, by its combustion, upon the air 

 within the cylinder, and at the same lime a 

 [lart of the rarefied air e-iiapes through one or 

 more valves, and ihns a vacuum is effected ; the 

 vessel or cylinder being kept cool by water. — 

 On ihe same principle, the vacuum may be ef- 

 fected in one, two, or more cylinders or vessels." 



A vacuum having been thus produced, Ihe 

 motion of any form of machinery follows as a 

 matter of course, and need scarcely be describ- 

 ed ; but we may be allowed to point out an in- 

 stance or two in whii:h it appears, thai the 

 pneumatic will be far more advantageous than 

 the steam engine ; while, with respect lo pow- 

 er, the only assignable difference between them 

 will arise from the saving of friction in this, 

 because the pomer of eac/i is derived from the 

 production of a vacuum — in one by means of 

 the condensation of steam, in the other by 

 means of the combustion of gas. The respec- 

 tive jio\i^ers being thus easily compared, it only 

 remains to calculate the advantages of Ihe new 

 engine, leaving our readers to decide between 

 the two. I'he pneumatic engine is light and 

 portable; averaging less than one-fifth the 

 weight of a sieam engine of the same power. 

 Hence it is peculiarly advantageous ("or ships, 

 as it saves tonnage both in its own weight and 

 in lite reduced quantity of fuel. The danger 

 arising from the possibility of bursting a boiler 

 in Ihe steam engine (too many unforlunatc in- 

 stances of which are on record) is enlirely ob- 

 viated in the pneumatic engine; and the very 

 small quantity of gas requisite shows, that no 

 fears are to be entertained from any irregular 



