]NEW ENGLAND PARMEB:. 



PUBLISHED BY JOHN B. RUSSELL, ROGIT.P' BUlLDir<GS, COKGRF.r-^S STHr.r/l', BOSTON.— THOM A 



VOL. II f. 



FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2i, 1824. 



No. 2'2, 



From Transactions of the Socitly cfJlrls. 



CHEAP ENGINE TOR RAISING WAITER. 



From a Ltllcr wrillin l,y J^Tr H. Sargeary), of mUe- 

 haven (Enc/nnrf.) to Mr Taylor^ Sccniary lo Ihe 

 Society for the Encouragement of Jlrts. 



lUTON-HALL, the seat of E. L. Irion, E.^q. 

 is situnteil on an ascent of sixt\', or sixlv-ono 

 feet perpendicular heiglit ; at llie I'not of wliich, 

 at the distance of about 140 yards from the offi- 

 ces, runs a small stream of water. The object 

 wa.s to raise this for domestick purposes. 



To this end, a dain iras ciade al a short dis- 

 tance above, so as to cause a fail of about I'onr 

 feet ; and the water was l)rought by a wooden 

 trough, into which was inserted a piece of two 

 inch leaden pipe, a part of which is seen in A. 

 The stream of this pipe is so directed as to 

 run into the bucket B. when the bucket is ele- 

 vated; but so seen as it begins to descend, the 

 stream flows over it, and goes to supply Ihe 

 wooden trough or well in which the foot of the 

 Inrcing pump C, stands. 



D is an iron cylinder attached to llie pump 

 rod, which passes through it. The cylinder i? 

 ifdied with lead, and weighs about 240 ponmls.* 

 iThis is the power which works the pump, and 

 iforces the water through 420 feet of inch pipe 

 'from the pump up to the house. 



At E is fixed a cord, which, when the bucket 

 :omes within four or five inches of its lowesi 

 rTojection, becomes stretched and opens a valve 

 n the bottom of it, through which the water 

 • :iipties itself. 



This machine must be so constructed that the 

 luckfet end may finish its stroke, when the beam 

 M- lever, by which it is suspended, comes to a 

 lorizonlal position, or a little below it. Bv this 

 neans the lever is virtually lengthened in its 

 lescentin the proportion of radius to the cosine 

 )f about thirty degrees, eras seven lo six nearly, 

 ind consequently its power is increased in an 

 i'lal proportion. 



Tliis cylinder might, for (he sake of economy, he 

 ride of wood, and filled with srav«l or sand, provided 

 .le weight wijre sufficient. 



Tlu! valve may be opened in the way here 

 described, or by a pin projecting from the bot- 

 tom. 



This pump requires about eighteen gallons 

 of water, in the bucket, to raise the counter- 

 weight, and make a fresh stroke. It makes 

 three strokes in a minute and gives about half 

 a gallon into the cistern. Or, as observed by 

 Mr Nicholson, in his Philosophical Journal, with 

 a fall of four feet and consumption of eighteen 

 g-rdlons, it raises half a gallon through sixty feet. 

 Tiiat is to say, 12 parts of water raise 5 parts. 

 Its rate is about one eighth part of man's work ; 

 and it thro^vs up 24 hogsheads in a day. It 

 in^v be slo|)ped to save wear, by merely casting 

 off the string of the bucket valve. 



The only artist' employed, except the |)lumb- 

 er, were a country blacksmith and car|)enler; 

 and the whole cost, exclusive of the pump and 

 (lipes did not amount to five pounds sterling. 



'liic foUov.'irig beautiful remarks on the pursuits of 

 Agriculture, are taken from Mr'BiDDr.E's Address 

 before the Fhiladelphia Society for Promoting^ 

 Agriculture. — 



" If I have filled to prove that ihe pur- 

 suits of agriculture may be as lucrative as oth- 

 er employments, it will be an easier task to 

 vindicate their pleasures and their importance. 

 I need not dwell on that retirement, one of the 

 [iurest enjoyments of this lite, and the best pre- 

 V, a ation lor the future, on those healthful oc- 

 ,',; ; aiior.s, on that calnir,°s« ;}f miH(U on that 

 high spirit of manliness and independence, 

 which naturally belong to that condition. These 

 are attractions which must have deep roots in 

 the human heart, since they have in all times 

 fascinated at once the imagination and won Ihe 

 judgment of men. But 1 may be allowed to 

 say, that in this nation agriculture is probably 

 destined to attain its highest honours, and that 

 the country life of America ought to possess 

 peculiar attractions. 'I'he pure and splendid 

 instiluiions of this people liave embodied the 

 lirightcst dreams of those high spirits, who in 

 other times and in other lands have lamented or 

 struggled against oppression ; they have realiz- 

 ed the fine conceptions which speculative men 

 have imagined, which wise men have planned, 

 or bravo men vainly perished in attempting to 

 establish. Their infiuence in reclaiming the 

 lost dignity of man, and inspiring the loftiest 

 feelings of personal independence, may be trac- 

 ed in every condition of our citizens ; but as 

 all objects are most distinct by insulation, their 

 elTects are peculiarly obvious in the country. 



" The American farmer is the exclusive, ab- 

 solute, uncontrolled proprietor of the soil. His 

 tenure is not from the governoaent ; the gov- 

 ernment derives its power from him. There 

 is above him nothing but God and the laws; no 

 hereditary authority usurping the distinctions of 

 personal genius; no established church spread- 

 mg its dark shadow between him and Hea- 

 ven. His frugal government neither desires 

 nor dares to oppress the soil; and the altars 

 of religion are supported only by the volun- 

 tary offerings oi' sincere piety. — His pur- 



suits-, which no ppivor.''irh can rcniler injuri- 

 ous (o any, arc- directed to the common ben- 

 efit of all. Ih mullijdyiog the bouiilies of 

 Providence, in the improvement and cmbrllish- 

 incntoftlie soil, in the earn of the infcriour 

 animals committed lo his charge, he will find 

 an ever varying and interesting employ ment, 

 dignified by the Union of liberal studies, and 

 enlivened by the exercise of a simple and gen- 

 erous hospitality. His character assumes a lofti- 

 er interest by its influence over the public lib- 

 erty. It may not be Ibrctold to what dangers 

 this country is destined, when its swelling pop- 

 ulation, its expanding territory, its daily compli- 

 cating interests, "^hall awake the latent passions 

 of men, and reveal the vulnerable points of our 

 institutions. But whenever these perils come, 

 its most steadfast security, its unfailing reliance 

 will be on that column of landed proprietors, 

 the men of the soil and of the country, stand- 

 ino- aloof from tlie passions which agitate den- 

 ser communities, well educated, brave, and in- 

 dependent, the friends of the government with- 

 out soliciting its favours, the advocates of the 

 people without descending to flatter their pas- 

 sions; these men, rooted like their own forests, 

 mav yet interpose between the factions of the 

 country, to heal, tc defend, and to save.*'' 



MARYLAND CATTLE SHOW. 



We have nowadays euch great demands for room in oar 

 columns, that we are under the necessity of curtail- 

 iii2- many artici'..- which inclination would lead us to 

 give in duti.il. foaie of our reader? ohjectto our in- 

 serting all the particulars of Agricultural Exhibitions, 

 while others are offended, if we omit anything relat- 

 ing to these anniversaries. We must, therefore, at- 

 tempt to steer between the horns of this dilemma, by 

 virtue of abridgements, and other expedients which 

 may promise to gratify the curiosity without exhaust- 

 ing the patience of a numerous class of our patrons. 



The Cattle Show for the Western Shore of Maryland, 

 was held at the Maryland Tavern, four mih s from 

 Baltimore, on the 23d, 24 th, and 25th of November. 

 We shall give an abridged account of this Festival, 

 from the elaborate accounts already published. 



Not less than fifty horses of superior quality, 

 and of different ages and classes, passed under 

 inspection ; nearly one hundred cattle ; a great 

 number of sheep ; and the pens for sv.'ine were 

 so filled, that it became necessary to erect many 

 more after the exhibition commenced. Unex- 

 ampled improvement was observed to hav^ tak- 

 en place in this class of animals. ' 



The second day was occupied in the examin- 

 ation of Household Blanufactures, which were 

 ten times more various th«n at any former ex- 

 hibition, and were much admired by the iadie* 

 who attended to inspect and encourage them. 



The samples of butter were more numerous 

 than heretofore. The Ploughing Matches, with 

 oxen and horses, were well conducted, though 

 on ground rather unsuitable. 



The third day was above all interesting, as 

 it was distinguished by the arrival and good offi- 

 ces of the " Nation's Guest" himself, who came 

 to give by his cheering presence, a spur to these 



