326 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



[IN^ay 6, 



The attentive friend of tlie Society in Scot-] -'"ff^^d much, and that in many places the hopes of 

 land, sent three numbers in contin.ialion of the j the season, as regards these fruits, are entirely deslroy- 

 Farmer's Magazine of i:dinbur?h. Two of them 1 ed. We have, however, learnt noth.no; „h.ch wdl 

 contain valuable papers on making butter, an ^ enable us to form even a conjecture relative to <he ex- 

 abstract of which vvill appear in the next Agri-| tent of the injury, 

 cultural Almanack, published under the patron- 

 age of the Society. The market of Philadelphia 

 although famous for good butter, yet often ex- 

 hibits specimens of very moderate quality; this 

 fact proves that many, whose interest it is to 

 bring to market an article in an acceptable (orm 

 which has become an inilispensaljle one for the 



-...sge-— 

 COMMUNICATIONS. 



T. G. Ff.ssenden, Esq. 



Edilar of tht J^tw England Farmer. 



Brookiine, April 27, 18e5. 

 Dear Sir, — A writer in your paper of the 3d 



tables of every class of society, have yet to ac- , ^pi,jl jg2 i s;,ys, "I think the peach worm is 

 quire the knowledge of the art. The paper j^^( ,j,p .,,p|,le worm, nor do 1 think it a borer, 

 alluded to, refers particularly to the making and rpj^^ ^^.^l never penetrares the wood, but bores 

 curing of butter fur long keeping. P'armers will 

 i^ee, that like brewing, baking, and soap-making 

 the management of milk intended either for but- 

 ter or cheese, may be improved by a knowledge 

 of chemistry; that success or the want of it, in 

 these operations, is explicable upon chemical 

 principles. 



W. M. VValmsley, Treasurer of the Society, 



iind teeds on the inside hark of the trunk and 



rools. The borer penetrates and lives upon 



the wood."' 



About three weeks ago, I removed seven 



pea( h trees, of six years' growth, from Boston 

 jto Bronkline ; and on examining (hem hefnre 

 I replanting, found from five to twenty apple bur- 



ers, of large size, in each tree. 1 examined 



not a wasp) begins its attack about (he middle of July 

 and continues ils depredations uriil the middle of Sep- 

 ttmber. It woundi the tendtr part of the bark, and 

 generallv at the surface of the ground, there depositing 

 eo-o^s which hatch irlo worms, ^' and recorrimetids^ rais- 

 in; a little hillock of earth about the body of the tree 

 in the month of .lane, &c. see N. E. Farmer, vol. 11. 

 page 2-11. Several other remedies against the same 

 insect are proposed by diSTereut writers, some of which 

 may be seen in the same page last quoted. ■ We be- 

 lieve however that mentioned by Mr Tappan to be e- 

 qual en all accounts to any which has yet been pre- 

 scribi d ajid superior to most of them, because it furnish- 

 es manure to the tree, as well as antidote against the 

 worm. 



announced his having received two hain. arrets I, |jg ^omis carefully, and am contideni, thev 

 of wheat (the growth of the Ticinily of 31, ilaga), ' 

 from Mr Barrell, the United Slates Consul at that 

 port. — It will he sown next autumn, and the re- 

 sult made known. 



NEW ENCil.AND FARMER. 



FRIDAY MORNING, MAY G, l«i!5. 



were borers. They had a white body and Idtick 

 head, and had penetrated the wood precisely as 

 they tlo in apple trees. Alter culling out the 

 borers, the wounded parts were plastered with 

 clay, but it is doubtful vvhelhi r the trees live. 

 I think they cotdd not have survived the ap- 

 proaching summer, if the borers iiail not been 

 removed. 



There is not much doubt that eggs are de- 

 posited by a blue fly in the summer months, in 

 Ihe tender hark of pearh Irees, near the sur- 

 face of ihe ground, which hatch into worms. 

 To guard against litis, I raise a liltle hillock of 

 wood-ashes rnund the tree ; and of ninety trees 

 planted out the last season, I found this sjiring 

 [lut three injured by borers. 



Yours respecl fully, 



CHARLES TAPPAN. 



RESIAKK9 BY THE EDITOR. 



ist, and various remedies for its depredation have hi 

 proposed. T he fust notice we recollect to have st t-n 

 of it was in a communication from John Princk, l>q. 

 to the Mass. Agr. Repository, vol. V. page 36^i. M 



Col, Pickering's Essays on " Improving the J^'atn^e 

 Breed of Ntw England CntfU,^^ which arc closed in this 

 day's paper, may be read with profit by every cultiva- 

 tor. The Editor does not feel himself competent to de- 

 cide the much disputed question whether' imported or 

 native breeds are, on the whole, to be preferred, nor to 

 point out the particular excellencies or defects of any 

 of the different races of those animals^. But those who 

 may not yield assent to all Co!. P. 's theories on this 

 subject (if there are any such persons) we think cannot 

 fail to be inftructed in what is perhaps the most impor- 

 tant branch of husbandry, by the/uc/j as well as nrgu- 

 jiienls which he has adduced in support of his opinion. 

 Likewise his directions relative to the general mana°-e- 

 ment of milch rows, Szc. &c. which will apply to a?/ 

 breeds of cattle arc highly useful. We think that the 

 agricultural community are under great obligations to j Prince describes it as " a small, white, ringed worm, a- 



Col. Pickering for devoting his lime and f ah nts to a 

 subject of such pernianeiit importance to every individ- 

 ual member of the great family of mankind. The plain- 

 ness and perspicuity of his style are among the good 

 properties of his essai/s, which we hope agricultural 

 writers, particularly for our paper, will always imitate. 

 JVll writings, in which gfneral utility is the object, 



should he written in such a manner A* to be generally 



understood. 



7%e Season. — Notwithstanding the indications of an 

 early spring, which were apparently manifested in the 

 latter part of winter aud beginning of spring, we have 

 now cold, backward weather — 



" Winter lingering chills the lap of May." 



On the morning of the 2d inst. snow fell in this city 

 sufTicient to cover the ground completelj', but soon dis- 

 appeared. The night succeeiling was remarkably cold, 

 and on the morning of the Jd inst. the surface of the 

 ground in the n( igbbourhood of Doston was wliitcned 

 •with frost, and ice was formi d of considerable lliick- 

 nesj. We fear that peaches, pUims, cherries,- »tc. have 



TO THE KDITOR OF THE NIIW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Boston, May 3, 1025. 



Mr. Fr.ssFNDE.v, Sir, — If the fdlnwing enqui- 

 ries and observations exiracled from a letter 

 latelv addressee' to ti larrner in A'ew-llampshire, 

 should be deemed worthy the not ce oi' your 

 reader':, yon are reque-ted to puldisb them in 

 your useful paper. Ynnr«, trulv, 



FAR.MERS' FRIEND. 

 " As agricullnre is the most important of all 

 the arts, it is to be lainenled that the science of 

 it is so much neglected and the jirogress of im- 

 provement is so slow. Every man ought to un- 

 derstand the business which he pursues. The 

 want of success in agricultural pursuits is gener- 

 ally owing to a want of knowledge. So power- 

 ful is the force of habit, that farmers are con- 

 tented to jog on, from year to year, in the same 

 I old beaten palh which their lathers and grand- 

 i fathers pursued, ^vithout believing it pn-sihle to 

 make any improvement in the choice ofanimals, 

 'the selection of grains, grasses, or in the mode 

 t of cultivation. Where is the farmer in your 

 I neighbourhood who knows and can describe Iho. 

 I best method of raising corn, wheat and potatoes? 

 {What species of these are most valuable and 

 'productive? What kinds of grass are best suited 

 1 !o the climate and most wnrlht of cultivation? 

 { What is the best race of hogs? What is the best 

 Tire destructive insect above mentioned has fo J =•"'! cheapest food to rear and fatten them ?— corn, 

 some years past,called foi th the attention ot the orcl-.ard- 1 potatoes, carrots, mangel wurlzel, or arUcbokes ? 



What are the best sorts of cows, oxen, horses and 

 sheep ? For Ihe common business of a farm, what 

 kind of team is best? — horses, mules, oxen or 

 cows ? These questions are important and require 

 the serious aiientien of every fainier. In Eng- 

 land, France, and Spain, cows nve trained to the 

 yoke aHcl harness, and perform the labour of 

 oxen; aud, in activity ami strength, are I'ound 



bout three quarters of an inch long with a dark 

 ed head." It attacked his apple trees, and w:t= re- 

 moved " by diggirg round the tret s, and clearing away 

 the earth to the roots, and then, with a sharp pointed 



knife, a chisel, or gouge, (atid a small wire to probe, ] ,„ ^e equal to oxen of the same size. It is pre 

 d they were deep 111 the tree,) they were easily destrov- ' , ', . ,, . , .. .. ,.,, 



ed. Mr Prince agrees in opinion with Mr Tappan that 1 ''""*^'' "'''' *''« ^''^'"^ "' '^O"" '*'"' '*'« ""« °' ^''"^ 

 this worm is Ihe same that attacks the ptach tree. A i dairy would not be essentially diminished by 

 writer, whose observaiions were publi-lied in the this practice. With good keeping and carel'ul 

 New l^nglanl Farmer, vol. II. page 070', in speaking ! usage the secretions ofniilk would not be mate- 

 of the borer, says, " I was surprised lo Iind it, apparent- ^j.,]|y Ip.xened. Mares •.iimnallv producing foals, 

 ly m so many dilierent stages of existence. I discover- ■ , , , i : .i „'„ i.ii ~i i 



,r. 11 1 . .1 u 1 ,-., 4 are einiiloved and ii'ed in the s.iddie and har- 



i d/irst, a small substance on the bark ol the tree, scarce- 1 '^ ^' i J . . _. . . . 



ly possessing the power of motion ; secondly, a small 



Tub, or worm, between the bark and wood, generally 

 very near the surface of the earth ; thirdly, an insect 

 about one inch antl an halt in length, with many legs, 

 and apparently a pair of wings, from four to six inches 

 from the surfaci of the earth, and near the inside of the 

 bftrk of the tr<e. 



A writer in the New England Farmer, vol. H. p; 



ness without injuy. Fenn'Ies of the human 

 race, who are cunslanlly enijdoyed in active 

 business, make as good nurses and rear as healthy 

 children, as those « ho live in a slate of ease and 

 idleness. 



Why should the cow be exempted from the 

 ours of the (ield, while llie wife and ilaugh- 



241, recommends in ordir to preserve pi ach trees after > ters ol the fiimer are expected and rerpiired to 

 digging away the earth, and removing Ibe gnni, which I |,e daily ein|iloved in rocking, wtishiiig, baking, 

 indicates the worm-in the spring putting h quantity ol j ,,,i,„,|ng milkin^r ■,,„,] making butler and cheese? 

 ashes round the tree, say a peck, or more, and then A i . j ■. , . i ■ ' ■ i i 



coverin'g it wiih fr. si, earth. I *^^".2:'" •' '^'■.""•r '" "e'" ''■'^ '""^vs mo. e tenderly 



Willioh's Domestic Encyclopedia states that the (ly, I ^^»" '»* "'■'« '""' children ? v\ here a man cannot 

 which causes the woira iu peach trees '' is blue (but ' keep more than three cows, a pair oi oxen, and 



