NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Published by JOHN B. RUSSELI^, at the corner of Cons^rrss and i.iiulall Ktreels, (Six donrs from the Post Office) Boston.— THOMAS G. FKS.'F.MIT N. I i,nrR. 



"^ No. 42." 



VOL. in. 



FRIIMY, MAY 1.3. 182.0. 



i rii'i JJari,'''a Jlgricultaral Clicmislry. 



OMUVSAXm COXaZdEUXTXCATZOHS. 



The followiiiff t.iMo conla-ns a slalomeiit of the qiianlity of solnbln nr nutritive itiatters con- 

 tnincil in varieties ofthf dillVrprU snh.'laiices that have hocn menlioiicil, and of some others 

 \vhich are u'ed a-; arlicirs of fiKxl, eiiher U'V man or cattle. The analyses are my own; and 

 were conducted with a view to a knn«leds:c otihe srenoral nature and (|iiantity of the prodncl«, 

 and not o,f their intimalp chemical composition. The sohible matters niTorded by the grasses, 

 exce[il that from lh« iiorin in vvinter, werjB oldained hy Mr. Sinclair, S'tfdener to the duke of 

 Bedford, from given wclf^hls of the g-'rasses cut when the seeds were ripe ; they »vere sent to 

 me hv his Grace's desire for chemical examination ; and form part nf the results of an imiinrtant 

 and extensive series of experiments on s^iasses, made liy direction of the Duke, at VVuhurn .\bbey, 

 the full details of which I ^hall hereafter have liie pleasure of slating. 



Table of lite Quantilics of soluble or nutritive. Matte.rs affurded hij 1000 jsar^ of different 



vegetable substances. 



Vegetables or vegetable substance? 



Middlesex wheat, aveiage cr( 

 Sprinu; wheat 

 Mildewed wheat of 180G 

 Blighted «heat of 1801 

 Thick-skinned Sicilian wheal 

 Thin-skinned Sicilian ivheat • 

 Wheat iVom Poland 

 North American wheat 

 Norfolk barley 

 Oa'.s from Scotland 

 Rve from Yorkshire 

 ComtDon bean 

 Dry peas 



Potatoes 



Lin=-^ed cake 



Red beet 



White bceT . 



Parsnips 



Carrots 



Common turnips 



Swedish turnips 



Cabhapje 



Broad-leaved clover 



Long-rooted clover 



While clover 



Sainfoin 



Lucerne 



Meadow foxtail grass 



Perennial rye grass 



Fertile meadow grass 



Koughish meadow grass 



Crested dog's tail grass 



Spiked fescue grass 



Sweet .scented soft grass 



Sweet scented vernal grass 



Florin 



Florin cut in winter . 



All these substances were fuhmitto! to experiment green, and in Iheirnalural states. It 

 is probable that the excellency of the diferenl articles as food will he found to be in a great 

 measure proportional to the quantities jf soluble or nutritive matters they afford ; but still 

 these quantities cnnno! be regarded as abiolutcUj denoting their value. Albuininous or glutinous 

 mailers have the characters ot animal substances ; sugar is more nourishing, and extractive 

 ■ matter less nourishing, ihan any other prflcijiles composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxvgen. — 

 <'crlain combinations likewise cf tliese substances may be more nutritive than others. ' 



TO THF. Et'ITOR OF THE NEW ENGLAND FARMEK. 



I QUERIES ON GRAFTING. 



i (iihnm^ N. H. May 9, 1825. 



j Sm — I should he |deased, through ihonndium 

 of your pa[ er to obt.iin information Hith re-- 

 gar<l to grafting in two particulars hereafter 

 nanned, if yon or any of your correspondents can 

 give it, and think it worth so much attention. 

 The queslions, which I would propose are as 

 follows, viz. 



1st, If a c:on from a tree in fnil bearing is 

 set upon !i seedling siock that has r.r-rer borne 

 any fruit, will the cion thus set become produc- 

 tive any sooner than the natural branches of the 

 slock upon ivhich it is placed ? 



2il, fl'a cion from a seedling tree that has 

 never borne any fruit is placed on a tree in full 

 bearing, will it become productive any sooner 

 than the tree from which it uas taken ? 



E. S. FISH. 



nE7.IARKS DV THE EDITOR. 



We should be happy to receive communications in 

 answer to the above iioiii any of our correspondents, 

 who are acquainted with the subject. We will, how- 

 ever, state our opinion, which may be erroneous, and, 

 if so, shoulti be ^lad to be currtcted. 



The stork on which the cion is inserted in grafting 

 presents little more tiian a fund, or reservoir of veg'eta- 

 lile matter, which is, in part, elaborated or prepared for 

 the uoiirishmeiit of the cion. 'Ibis vegetable matter is 

 furllier altereti and modified in the vessels of the cion, 

 which stjptars lo be the priiicipal agent in determining 

 the charneter, favour, time of ripening, &c. of the fruit. 

 Willich'/ Domestic Encyclopedia says, '^ when shoots 

 are taken from such trees as bi ar good fruit, they will 

 never change their kind, whatever be their stock, or 

 the tree on which they are grafted." And "acioa 

 of one kind, grafted on a tree of another, may be rather 

 said io liike root in the tree, on which it is grafted, than 

 In unite with it : for it is obvious that the cion preserves 

 its natural purity, though it be fed and nourished by a 

 mere crab." Mr Coxe, however, and some other writ- 

 ers, assure us that the stock has some influence on 

 the quality of (he fruit produced by a cion en- 

 grafted on such stock. A cion from an apple tree, 

 bearing sweet apples, for instance, would produce 

 apples leswsweet than its parent slock if it were engraf- 

 led on a crab apple stock. There is a considerable va- 

 riety in diUVrent samplf s of the Baldwin apjde, produc- 

 ed on dillerent trees, although they all originated from 

 the same parent slock. 



We are inclined to think, that, as respects maturity 

 or age ol liearing, the cion or graft furnishes the criteri- 

 on — Tliat a cion taken from a bearing branch, which 

 would have borne fruit had it been suffered to remaiu 

 on the parent tree, will bear fruit, if grafted on a seed- 

 ling stock which has never borne ; and that a cion from 

 a seedling tree, which has never produced fruit, if set 

 on a bearing slock, will not produce fruit any sooner 

 than it would have done, had it remained in its original 

 state and situation. But, in this we may mistake, and 

 if so, should be iiappy to be corrected by any of our 

 correspondents, who will be so good as to point out our 

 error. 



FOR THK NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Ashford, Con. May 6, 182S. 



ON THE INTERCHANGE OF THE FARINA OF CORN. 



If 1 nnderstand Mr Knight on the interchangfe 

 of the Farina of Corn (see N. E. Farmer Vol. 

 2, page 217,) he believes if one half afield was 



