338 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



[May 20, 



<he land thus manageH, the crop was intinitely 

 superior to the rest. The next year's gras^ 

 was also more luxuriant, and has continued to 

 preserve the same superiorily for at least eight 

 years, insomuch, that in spring it is green at 

 least three weeks before the rest ot" the 

 field. He also dressed two acres with bones, 

 in two diflerent fields prepared tor turnips, at 

 sixty bushels to the acre, and found llie crops 

 incomparably more productive than the olhers 

 managed in the common w^y. Upon grass-lands, 

 he observed, that this kind of m.iniire exerts its 

 influence more powerfully in the second year 

 than in the first. For whatever soil it be in- 

 tended, the bones should be well broken, before 

 they can be equally spread upon the l.ind. No 

 pieces should exceed the size of small marbles. 

 To pertorm this necessary operation, he re- 

 commends the bones to be sufficiently bruised, 

 by putting them under a circular stone, which, 

 being moved round upon its edge by means of a 

 horse, in the manner tanners grind their bark, 

 will very expeditiously effect the pur[)ose. Al- 

 though bones of all kind? may be used with ad- 

 vantage, yet those of fat cattle are doubtless 

 the best ; but unground bones should never be 

 employed, as they are cf little or no service to 

 the soil. S. St. Legar has also found it very 

 beneficial to mix ashes with the bones : a cart- 

 Joad of the former being put to 30 or 40 bushels 

 of the latter, and healed for tvventy-finir hours 

 (which may le known by the stnokiug ot' the 

 heap,) the whole should be turned. After ly- 

 ing ten days longer, this excellent manure will 

 be fit for use. Lastly, Dr rlunler remarks, that 

 the best method of grinding hones, is that be- 

 tween two cast metal cylimlers. And as mills 

 are very rarely erecled purposely for this ope- 

 ration, the apparatus may he added to any coai- 

 mon water-mill, at a very trifling es(>ense. 



ANTIDOTE AGAINST POISON-S. 

 A Corre'.pondent of the Lonlon Li (er.-.rv Gaz- 

 ette, alluding to the numerous cases of death 

 from accidenl.il poisonings, and particularly to 

 the melancholy (ate of the late royal academi- 

 cian, Mr. Owen, add- :— '■! may venture lo affirm, 

 there is scarce even a cottage in this country 

 that does not contain an invaluable, certain, and 

 immediate remedy for such events, which is 

 nothing more than a desert spoont'ul of made 

 mustard, mixed in a tumbler of warm water, 

 and drank immediately : it acts as an instantan- 

 eous emetic, is always ready, and may be used 

 with safety in any case where one is required. 

 By a mistake, where a gentleman took a full 

 ounce of poison instead nfsalls, the casters were 

 fortunately at hand, and no doubt an iiival lable 

 life was preserved to his family by giving the 

 musl.ird directly. By making this simple: anti- 

 dote known, you may be the means of savinsr 

 many a fclloiv creature from an untimely end.'" 



ring it u|>, and giving it to his horse once each 

 day. " In a week his cough abated, and in a 

 fortnight was entirely gone." The following 

 remedies for another disease we republish, 

 without wishing to become responsible for their 

 eflicacy, from a work published at New York. 



Dr Alorgan's [of J\f. Jersei/) remechj for the Botts. 



Take a table spoonful of unslaked lime, and 

 let it be given with the leeil of the horse, at 

 night and morning, regularly, fur three, four, or 

 five days, and it will complete!} expel the botts. 



Dr Looinis'' (^of JVortk Carolina) remedy for Botts. \ 



Make a drench, composed of half a pint of 

 new milk, a gill of molasses, an ounce of cop- 1 

 peras, two spoonfuls of common salt, and half a J 

 pint of warm water. Give this to the horse once i 

 or twice a day for a few d.iys, and it will com- 1 

 pletely expel the botts. 



Some recommend spirits of turpentine giv- ' 

 en as a drench, and others advise to apply that 

 substance to the breast and stomach of a horse.- 

 Willich's Encyclopedia says bolts may be cured 

 by giving llie horse a spoonful of savin, cut ' 

 small, once or twice a day, in oats or bran' 

 moistened, to which may be added three or 

 four cloves 111 garlic. Purges of aloes and jalati 

 likewise to be given at intervals. i 



Botts are produced from the ejsrs deposited 

 by a tly on the hairs of horses. The fly is a-' 

 bout the size of the honey-bee, and the head 

 and neck not much unlike it. It flies with its 

 head and body erect, and perpendicular to the 

 horizon, while its tail forms a sharp angle with 

 its body, being bent towards the horse, so that ; 

 it Iruches the hair of his legs or belly, (which' 

 are parts at which the insect generally aims): 

 only with the extremity of its tail, and in this I 

 way it will tly about him lor an hour, discharg- j 

 ing a great niiaibet of egg', which adhere to' 

 the ends of the hair. The eggs of the bott-flv 1 

 are introduced into the stom ich of the horse by 

 his licking and biting the part on which the 

 ega^i are deposited. 



,-\s the means of guarding against botts, some- 

 thing may be accomplished by destroying the 

 parent insect, while buzzing about the horse. 

 The nitis or eggs should be scraped olf, with i 

 a sharp knife as fast as they .appear. Some j 

 writers assert that a handl'ul of salt, given toj 

 horse*, once a week, will prevent any bad effect ' 

 from bolts. This, however, as the newsmen j 

 say, is a mailer, which wants confirmation ; | 

 but there can be no doubt but llio health of the | 

 horse, in other respects would be promoted by { 

 the occasional use of salt wilh his food, and | 

 perhaps salt given with regularity and in due' 

 season may prove a specific against bolts. 



REMEDIES FOR BOTTS IN HORSES. 



EY THE EDITOR. 



in the New England Farmer, pjige 180 of (he 

 current volume, we published an article from a 

 highly respected correspondent, staling in sub- 

 stance that he cured a horje which had been 

 afHicled wilh a cough for three years, by 

 purling :, tea-cup of air-slacked lime into 

 half a pail full of rye bran, welting and slir- 



From the Lung hlund Juuriial of Phdosopiti;. 

 TO TIIF. F-ARMERS OF LO.NG ISLAND. 



Il.iving seen with regret, for many years, I 

 the injury done lo orchards in Huntington and i 

 its vicinity, by ploughing them, I enilirace the | 

 opporliiiiily of l^Ir. Fleet's journal, to publish , 

 the follniving [iractical remarks and obrerva- : 

 lions on ihe subject. 



Apple-trees are most prolific in a deep soil ; 

 of gr.ivclly loam, or wash from highways and 

 hills. But as all cannot be accomuiodaled wilh 

 such land, ulmost any soil, if not too dry and 



gravelly, m;iy, liy proper management, be made 

 10 bear fine apple trees. It is the received o- 

 pinion of people in generil, that orchards ought 

 1.1 be ot'ten ploughed to make them productive. 

 Ploughing will gener;illy mike them bear lo ex- 

 cess for one year, and if the soil be deep and 

 ihe land manured, >vhen laid down to grass, they 

 will not receive much injury. Bui if the soil 

 be thin, the filirous rnots, which branch out in 

 all direction', and fri m which Ihe trees derive 

 their nourishni^nl. Will be cut off by the plough. 

 Tl-.is checks their growth-, and for one season 

 causes them lo bear. Orchards often bear after 

 having had lb ir limbs twisted and bent by ice, 

 or by severe gales ul" wind. A few years since 

 in August, a violent gal^rom the southeast 

 stripped the trees of their l^'es but they bloom- 

 ed and bore apples Ihe same fall. The loss 

 of the roots and the abundance of frnit, at the 

 same lime, so much exhausts the Irees, that if 

 they are not manured, they will slop growni-^ 

 become unfruitful and sickly: the ends of the 

 limlis will die, and a few ploughings more will 

 put an end to the existence of ihe trees. Young 

 orchards plou^rhed wilh care, will not bo much 

 injured, [irovuled the land is well miniired when 

 laid down lo grass. The crops may more than 

 compensate for Ihe injury, which will not be 

 great in a deep soil ; but if Ihe soil be shallow, 

 1 think it best not to plough at all, but keep 

 Ihe ground loose around Ihe trees wilh the 

 breakings of flax, which is found to be prefera- 

 Ide to manure : likewise straw, old mulch and 

 cooling manures of any kind, ivill make your 

 orchards more profitable and durable than if 

 cultivated wilh the plough. 



It has been thought that sowing rye in orch- 

 ards,, injures them very much; luit the injury 

 must be attributed lo Ihe plough. Rve is gen- 

 erally sown without manure, which makes the 

 injury more perce[ilib!e than when sown with 

 wheat. People nray bs convinced ihat plough- 

 ing is injiirious, by observing ihe apple-trees in 

 [lastures by the sides of fences, and in situa- 

 tions where Ihe plough cirm't come lo. They 

 are larger, bear l-elter, and live longer than 

 those which have been oflpn ploughed. 



R. WOODWARD. 



These remarks of Mr Woodward are valuable. 

 He has set an exam[ile lo oar farmers by unit- 

 ing observation with the practice of firming ; 

 and by calling their alleiilion loa subject much 

 neg!;:;fcd. ll is !o be hoped Ihat they will fol- 

 low his example, by becoming theoretical as well 

 as practical agriculturists. No calling is more 

 natural than thai of ihe tillage of the ground. — 

 None has received greater aid from the im- 

 provements and discoveries in modern chemis- 

 try ; none at Ihe present day is enlisting more 

 men ol' science, of leisur*^, and of wealth. In 

 ficl, by the ajiplicalion of chemistry to agricul- 

 ture, farming is becoming almost a new pursuit. 

 The day is r.ipi:.'ly approaching, when few 

 farmers will he ranked among the first, unless 

 they ba men of reading and of science. Editor. 



FRAG^WN'T LAMPS. 

 Mr. Editor. — PerhTPps you m.ay thank me for 

 the following little account of a method o/'(ire- 

 st-rving tho air of apariments comparatively 

 pure, and at the same time of dis[iersing a pleas- 

 ant fragrance ihrough them. By means of a 

 wire fiscd lo one side, or at Ihe back part of 



