1825.J 



NEW ENGLAND FARM Eli. 



355 



rication of phosplinnis or :\mrtioniac) before this 

 discover V, such ;<s those of the head, the ribs, 

 &c. &c. the le^« of sheep and calves, &lc. Those 

 formerly used hy lopincii {Tabhticrs) are still 

 used for that purpose, alter extracting as much 

 of the gebtine as thry can by ebullition. 



When the heads nl oxen are to be operated 

 «j)on, (hey begin by estractina; the leeth (these 

 are reserved for the fabrication of ammoniac, 

 ns allording a greater proportion of that alkali 

 than any ol' the of her hones,) ihey then break 

 ihe skull, in such manner as lo preserve all the 

 compact parts in as regular t'orms as possible ; 

 lliese pieces present a surface of iiU to 30 square 

 inches, and are put to soak in a niixlure of mu- 

 riatic aciil and water. The muriatic acid used 

 bears about 25 degrees of the aeroinelre, and is 

 diluted hy waierto about 6 degrees — four parts j .S«a6ia(i method of Eleachir.g Cotton Thread and 

 of the liquor is used to one part of bones. They | Hosiery in tzxo days. 



are left in this stale, in open vessels, until a com- This mode of bleaching, which has lately 



of friction, on rail-roads. To what extent, with 

 safely and convenici^nce, this advantage is capa- 

 lile of being carried, nothing but experience can 

 deterniiiic. Kail-ruads may be made to branch 

 out in every direction lo accommodate the traffic 

 of the country, whatever be the nature of the 

 surlaco ; the possibility of carrying branches 

 from a canal in any direction must depend en- 

 tirely on the surface, and a supply of water. 



In every case, with regard to speed and the 

 weight lo be moved, the rail-road has Ihe ad- 

 vantage, except when that speed is less than 

 2. jS-^j miles an an hour, when it is in favoijr of 

 the canal, — but even this small advantage is lost 

 by the circuitous windings of the one, and the 

 direct line of the other. 



plele solution of the jihosph.ite of lime has taken 

 place, and the gelatinous part of the bone re- 

 mains in its original shape and size, and is per- 

 fectly supple. When this operation is finished, 

 which commonly la'ts six or eight days, the gela- 

 tine is put into baskets, being lirst draineil and 

 immersed a short lime in boilina: water, in onler 

 to extiacl any small remains of grease, which 

 would deteriorale the gelatine, and also to ex- 

 tract any of the acid which mitjlit be lodged in 

 the [lores. It is then careliillv wiped wilh clean 

 linen, and alterward washed in copious streams 

 of cold water, lo whiten it, and render it more 

 transparent; it is then put to dry in the shade. 

 Two ounces of this gel.itine are said lo be e- 

 qual to three pounds of beef in makins; soup — 

 that is, three pounds of beef and two ounces of 

 gelatine will makers much soup, sndofasgoud 

 quality, as six pounds of beef It is constantly 

 used in some of the hospitals of the capital, pap. 

 ticularly in the lying-m hospital 



been introduced at Slrasburg, has hitherto been 

 kept very secret. From the operation being 

 performed in so short a time as two days, and 

 its not requiring extensive works, a wash house 

 beinjy sufHcienf, as well as from its being prac- 

 ticable at all seasons, it will be found very ben- 

 eficial to those, especially, who cannot go to the 

 expense of a large eslablishnient. 



Take two measures of quick lime and place 

 them in a heap in the corner of a work shop, 

 taking care tliat there is no wooden floor on the 

 spot, nor wainscotling to the wall against which 

 the lime is thrown. 



Cover the lime gradually with ten measures 

 of good ashes, by sifting them equ.illy over it. 

 SpritiUling with water lig-htly belucen every 

 layer of ashes, and take care to lid up with 

 wet ashes the crevices that are constantly pro- 

 duced by the heat and motion of the mass. 



When the lime is slacked, and the mass thor- 

 oughly cooled, make the lie wilh cold rain or 



and turned aboiil fcirlhe same length of lime as 

 before. You then wash the cotton in the rivei' 

 for the last lime, and hang it in the air, or lay 

 it on the grass to dry. In cold weather it may 

 be dried in a stove, instead of out of doors. 

 The more quickly it is dried the more beauti 

 fully white it becomes. In all these manipula- 

 tion's care must be taken not to entangle the 

 I h realty 



From the American Farmer. 

 F.XTRAORDIXARY WKiGHT 01' A JERSKY 



[The following comes in a way to satisfy us 

 of its accuracy :] 



A Wether, 4 years old, fatted and lately sold 

 by Mr. Solomon Holcomb, of Amwell township, 

 Hunterdon county, N. .T. to a victualler in Tren- 

 ton, for ninely dollars, weighed and was dispos- 

 ed of as follows 



Total weight of the quarters, . . . 1 lOi lbs. 



The ends of the bones, and such parts as from j river water in which Ihere is little or no ad- 

 their porosity might still retain a PTlion ,of the [ ^j^t^^g f,C ii.on 



acid, are separated, and used for making glue ofi Carefully untwist the skeins of cotton, fie 

 a very superior quality. | them in parcels, and immerse them cold in this 



llie inside of the hones ofsheeps legs fnrnishic.,u5,ic ^.ikaline lie ; in which leave them for 



a Sort of membranous glue, which supplies willi 

 advantage, the place of isinglass in the t'abrica- 

 calion of silk slutis. 



I give you these particulars, not because I 

 think they contain any thing new to you, inpn'n- 

 cifile, but because I may have hit upon some de- 

 tails with which you wore unacquainted. 



From the Quarterly Rerieu:. 



COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF CANAL? 

 AND RA!I. ROADS. 



The disadvantages of a canal are numerous. 

 The frost at one season of Ihe year entirely puts 

 a stop to all conveyance of goods; and the 

 drought at another renders it necessary lo pro- 

 ceed with half cargoes. A rail-road is exem()t 

 from both these serious drawbacks ; and even if 

 snow-blocked, nothing can be so easv as to send 

 forward a scraper at ihe front of ihe steam-car- 

 riaze to clear it as it proceeds. 



The speed, by which goods can be conveyed 

 on a raiUroad, can be so regulated as to be cer- 

 tain and constant, while boats are frequently de- 

 layed for hours at the lockages of' a canal. This 

 speed fiesidos is limiled on canals, as we shall 

 presently show, but «nlinii!ed, as far as Ihe pow- 

 ;prnf steam ran be made to CKCecd the power 



Saddle— f?3 lb«. sold for . . . g83 

 Skin and fieece, 19^ lbs. sold for 20 

 Other parts, a portion not then 

 sold, 10,10 



The rough fallow weighed 



S122,40 

 . . 26i lbs. 



six hours, turning them about from time to time. 



The lie, when exhausted, is generally thrown 

 away as useless, hut it might, perhajis, be bet- 

 ter employed in slaking a fresh quantity of lime. 

 .\fter taking the skeins out of the lie, wash 

 them in a running- stream. Hosiery, stockings, 

 kc. should be slightly tacked together to facili- 

 tate the manipulation. 



After washing, boil the articles in a bath of 

 the same kind of lie in which soap has been 

 dissolved in the proportion of six pounds of soap 

 to sixty-six of cotton thread, with lie su.licieiit 

 to cover them. Let them boil for twelve hour*, 

 taking care that the copper boiler in which they 

 are boiled, is carefully cleansed after each op- 

 eration ; whilst it is boiling the colton should he 

 from time to time turned on the frames, both to 

 prevent that which touches the bottom from 

 burning, and to expose equally every ])art of 

 the skeins to the action of the liquor. On be- 

 ing taken out, the cotton must again be washed 

 as before. 



It is next to be boiled in water without lie, 

 but with the same proportion of soap, as before, 

 viz. six pounds to sixty-six pounds of cotton or 

 hosiery. The boiler being well cleansed, river 

 water is put into it, and the goods are boiled 



The wether was one of three lambs at the 

 same yeaning, and is supposed lo be a mixture 

 of Ihe common sheep of ihe country with the 

 Bakewell stock, and a very Utile Tunisian blood 

 in hirn. 



He was fed with grain from September last, 

 and was killed in the latter part of March. 



WEIGHT .OF mUJK AND PRICT: OF SHEEP IN 

 CONNECTICUT. 



[Extract lo the Editor.] 



Ea.^t Windsor, Jan. 29, 1G25. 

 \our letter of Ihe 20th September was duly 

 received. You ask me what proportion the 

 measure of milk bears to the weight. A pint, 

 wine measure, weighs one pound. It is gener- 

 ally supposed rich milk is the heaviest. I have 

 never tried an exfieriiuent to ascertain the fact 

 but am inclined to believe milk !hat will pro- 

 duce but little butler, is as heavy as any. My 

 cow will be eight years old next sfiring, and is 

 a fine red, and has the tinest formed bag 1 have 

 ever seen. When full, the distance between her 

 forward leafs, is ICi inches ; side leats G^ inch- 

 es; and hind ones 1\ inches — is almost square. 

 1 have sold one of my Saxon Bucks for ^130 — 

 two at ^120 each— one for ]^100— and half of 

 another for ^100 — one Ewe for ^1 10, and three 

 for ^100 each. 



Larse trees. — The great Elm on Boston Commou, has 

 occasioned notices of other trees of equal size in other 

 parts of the country. The Boston Elm is near 22 feet 

 in circumference. The Charter Oak, in Hartford, is 

 22 feet. There are Sycamores or Button-woods of im- 

 mense size in our western region. An old Chesnut tree 

 standing in Stuyvesant's woods is more than 22 feet in 

 circumference. In Norlhampton Ms. one elm is 21 feet 

 auother 22, and a third 2.S feet in circumference. And 

 in Springfiild there is one of twenty-two and a half feet 

 and one of twenty-five and a half feet, 



