182').] 



KEW EiVGLAND FAllMER. 



103 



Mr Viin Ziich continues, " (he result of the 

 foregoing fact is, that in applying the method 

 of extinguishing tire, the circumstiinccs to be 

 observed are these, that to extinguish the most 

 violent tire, it is only necessary to wet the sur- 

 face of the burning mutter in the part where 

 the flames are seen, and that for this purpose 

 only a small quantity of water is needful, if the 

 parts be wetted in the proper manner. In op- 

 erations of this kind, therefore particular atten- 

 tion must be paid to throwing the water in such 

 a way, that the entire surface of the burning 

 part shall be wetted and extinguished, and that 

 in such a way that an extinguished part shall 

 never be left between two others which are in 

 flames ; for if attention be not paid to this, the 

 heat of the flnnnps burning here and there wil' 



cliimiu-y ; that it had the effect to render the smoke in- I 

 yisible, and became itself immediately so transparent 

 as not to be distinguished. VVhea the smoUe wns shut 

 off, the steam became visible, and when the steam was 

 shut oirthe smoke became visibl*. But what perhaps 

 applies to our hypothesis, the draught of the chimney 

 was found to be increased by the admission of the steam 

 into the flue. 



This increase of the draught of the chimney was 

 doubtless the consequence of an increast of heat, occa- 

 sioned by what I will venture to call the combustion of 

 the steam. 



If these premises are correct, it would appear that 

 water in small drops-, like dew, or in the form of mist 

 or steam, increases the effect of a strong fire, from the 

 same principles that a shower increases the flame of a 

 volcano ; and that in extinguishing a fire, it ought to 



quickly change the water with which the l'»f' j ye applied directly to the surface of the burning part, 

 has been welted into steam, and the whole will j ^^^ ^^^^ impelled or dropped through such a column of 



flame or calorick as to be converted into steam, and in 



ao-ain lake fire, in order then, to extinguish a 

 fire in all cases, no more water need be thrown 

 on the burning part than is needful to wet its^ 

 surface; and this I conceive to be all that is re-, 

 quisite to extinguish a (ire, whatever may be 

 the circumstances of its origin." 



Remarks by the Ediior of Ihe A'ew England Farmer. 

 I have frequently taUen notice of what appeared tome 

 to be a bad mode of conducting the engines, in cases of 

 fire in London, New York, Philadelphia, and C»«ton. 

 The water is generally thrown into the air, so as to be 

 eonyertcd into steam, or very small drops, and thus but 

 a rery small portion of it reaches the burning part, the 

 source or fountain of flame. Steam, or even small drops 

 of water, has a tendency to increase a violent fire. — 

 Perhaps this is occasioned by the cenvtirsion of the la 

 tent heat which water contains into sensible heat, or 

 in some cases by the reduction of the water to its com- 

 ponent parts, hydrogen and oxygen ; th'- former of 

 which is a highly inflammable substance, and the lat- 

 ter a supporter of combustion. Thus a shower of 

 rain is said to iiicrease the rage of a volcano, and a few 

 drops of water accidentally percolating into the midst 

 of a furnace, when in blast, have caused most violent ex- 

 plosions. 



That water, when converted into steam, has a ca- 

 pacity of increasing flame, would appear from the op- 

 eration of the hydraulick bellows, invented by <VTr. 

 Hornblower, and described in Nicholson's Journal, for 

 March, 1802. tn this machine, the air which gives 

 the blast, is forced through water, and the inventor 

 says that there existed a striling ditr.rence between 

 the effect of this bellows and a common leathered 

 30 inch'bellows in the same shop. The leathered bel- 

 lows threw considerable more air into the fire, and 

 its nozzle, compared to the hydraulick bellows, was 

 as 73 to 60 in diameter, but it did not produce so great 

 an effect in bringing on the heat, and the voice of the 

 former was so great as to almost drown that oi the com- 

 mon one. 



Neither Mr. Nicholson, nor his correspondent, Mr. 

 Hornblower, attempts to explain the cause of this phe- 

 nomenon. But may we not conjecture that air, from 

 the hydraulick bellows, being forced through a body 

 of water contained a portion of it in solution", or in the 

 form of steam, and that the heat of the water thus 

 held in solution was converted into sensible heat, in the 

 forge, and thus became a species of fuel, as well as an 

 assistant or stimulus to the combustion. 



This hypothesis is coroborated by a fact stated in the 

 Philosophical Journal, No. 45. By this it appears that 



that state rather excite than extinguish the combustion. 



TTarm Weather, — From about 7 o'clock on the morn- 

 ing of the lOth to nearly noon on the 13th lost, the 

 weather has been of a temperature, which can scarcely 

 be paralleled in the meteorological annals of our cli- 

 mate. The themomcter, during the most of that peri- 

 od, in the day tiaie has ranged between 95 and 100, 

 and in the night has never fallen below 77. The con- 

 sequences of this higli temperature have been very afflic- 

 tive. It is estimated that the o'eatbs from exposure to 

 heat, and imprudently drinking cold water have been 

 between twenty live and thirty in Boston. 



tbe steam of an engine, after ^vork^was thrown into ai make this coiumunication.— AorOTJc/i Coiirkr. 



CARNATION PINKS. 

 Of ihi? splendid flower, which in addition to 

 its great beauties, unites so delightful an odour 

 that it has received also the title of Clove Pink. 

 above twelve hundred plants are now in full 

 bloom at the Linnsean Garden at Flushing, Long 

 Island. The collection includes above one hun- 

 dred varieties of Jlakcs and liizarrcs, a large 

 proportion of which are of that class denomi- 

 nated rose leaved. 



Two very excellent societies have been re- 

 cently formed in the county of Worcester, Mass. 

 which deserves to be held up by way of exam- 

 ple, to other counties and states of the Union. — 

 The first is called the Worcester Historical So- 

 ciety, and is instituted for the purpose of col- 

 lecting and preserving materials for a complete 

 and minute history of the comity; including 

 fiicts and traditions of the Indians. The second 

 is a Lyceum, Ihe object of wfcich is to obtain, 

 examine, and preserve, the vegetable, animal, 

 and mineral productions of the country. Ol'lhe 

 progress of the fiist of these in=titntions. no 

 statement appears; hut the Lyceum is already 

 said to contain specimens of about 2000 iiiiner- 

 aU, 1500 shells, 600 plant.s, many insecis, ni;- 

 merous engravings, and other articles of cu- 

 riosity, together with a respectable library of 

 rare and valuable books. 



I have seen lh| most violent cases of Cramp 

 in the Stomach immediately relieved by drink- 

 ing tVeely of warm sweetened water, when opi- 

 um, or its vnrious preparations, nor any thing 

 else would sfive relief to the patient. Believ- 

 ing that this hint may probably be the means ol 

 relief to some one or more afflicted with the 

 hove awful complaint, I thiu'c 't my duty lu 



EXPLOITS OF A WF.ASEL. 

 A kite was observed rising fioni the ground 

 with some prey, and instead of llyiug lo an ad- 

 joining wood, he soared almost peipciuJicular- 

 Alter remaining a shoit time stationary, he came 

 gradually down, with his wings extended and 

 motiordoss, and dropt very near the place from 

 which be had risen. Several persons wlio were 

 near, and saw the flight and descent, ran imme- 

 diately to the spot, an<l a weasel darted from the 

 kite, which they found dead ; and they discov- 

 ered on examinalion, that the kite had been bit- 

 ten in the throat, an bled lo death. Near it 

 thev foimd a dead mole, yet warm, which was 

 bitten in the neck; and they concluded that the 

 weasel had caused the death of both — Eiig. pup. 



POISONOUS FISH. 

 We have lieard several instances of persons 

 being poisoned by etUing oysters, lobsters and 

 halibut. It, as is generally the case, the poison- 

 ous quality in the fish is produced by mineral 

 substances, it can easily be detected by apply- 

 ing a piece of clean silver, which will turn 

 black if the tish be poisonous. 



']%,'B'EMOIRS of the Pennsylvania Agricultural ifocie- 

 It.Il ty ; with selections from the most approved au- 

 thors, adapted to the use of the practical Farmers of 

 the United Slates ; 1824. Illustrated with several cop- 

 perplate engravings of animals and numerous cuts of 

 machines and ajricultnial implenients — For sale by 

 CUM.MINGS, HII.LIABD & CO. 

 Price $1.25. No. 131 \\'a=hirglon street. 



Foil SALK, a very fine fr.iUh Cow, not Sve years 

 old, that has given the present season on grass 

 leed alone, fi£;/i/f en quarts of milk a day. She is a 

 fine looking animal, in perfect health, and is not offer- 

 ed for sale for any fault. Inquire at this office. 



» July 3. 



NA'IH. UEtRBORN,£ngrai'cr— No. 64 Market str't. 

 ^rS^IS usual with an adveiliscr, 



B To plead his cause witli prosing lines ; 

 But listening to a new adviser, 

 Who speeds the poet's glr.rious times ' 

 We deck the bantling, by adoption. 

 Awl press the muses in our claim ; 

 The point, we leave at public option 

 For self, dear self is all our aim. 

 Fair ladies' cards, engraved, beautiful, 

 And printed to delight the eye ; 

 Their lorelship's too, attend we, dutiful. 

 Cheerily their every wish supply — 

 With brass or silver names for doors ; 

 3-als for the merchant, gent, free masoK, 

 Cards for their partit s, visits, stores, 

 To mark their cloths, or books to place on. 

 The printer's call is quick attended. 

 To I'uriiish " heads,"— indite their" wishes"c- 

 Wilh strength and beauty choicely blended, 

 To spice their intellectual dishes. 

 The cuts for papers, brass or wood, 

 Or poet's corner, if in favour. 

 We often dress to suit the mood. 

 Of bright'iiing gem or witless savour. 

 Thus we a patronage solicit. 

 And pledge our choicest, best exertions. 

 Of toil, will give quantum sulBcit, 

 Please try, and prove these our assertions, j, IS- 



171 PARSONS & CO. City Furniture warehouse^ 

 ji • Union Street, near the Union Stone, keep con- 

 stantly on hand for sale, a general assortment of furni- 

 ture, chairs, looking glasses, feathers of all kinds, fire 

 sets, brushes, bellows, &c. kc. 



PATENT MOFS— Notice is hereby given, that the 

 subscribers aie nppoinled the sole agents for ven- 

 ding J. & Jl. FahU Patent Hoes, which are offered iat 

 sale at factory prices by A.U.V. FLU & J. FKFNCIl Jr. 

 Boston, March 25, lt;2&. No. 713 Wa«bij.gtaB S^.' 



