^OG 



NEW ENGLAND FARMEH. 



puly 15, 



the hand-hoe to clear tha intervals when weeds 1 ering of ths ditches. See an account of Turf j vV«^' England. We therefore hope the numbef 



appear in them. The plants should be set out 

 twelve inches distant in the rows, and if that 

 work is done by the hand, several advantages 

 may be derived from it ; the best plants m:fy he 

 selected, and the weeds being eradicated, will 

 (in common seasons,) render the use of the hand- 

 hoe unnecessary. These observations will, how- 

 ever, be useless if care is not taken in sowing 

 the seed to deposit it the least possible depth in 

 the earth ; for from burying it deep have arisen 

 disappointment to the farmers, discredit to the 

 seeds man, and failure of the crop. 



If at the time of the harvest the roots are 



covered Drains in the New England Farmer, 

 vol. II. page 17. 



PRESERVATION OF GRAIN. 

 To preserve rye, and secure it from insects 

 and rats, it has been discovered that nothing 

 more is necessary than not to winnow it after 

 being thrashed, but to stow it in the granaries 

 mixed with the chaff. In this state it will keep 

 three or lour years without experiencing the 

 smallest alteration, and even without Iha neces- 

 sity of being turned to preserve it from humidity 

 and fermentation. Care must be taken, however. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



gathered, and which should not be retarded be-j^^j ^^ ^^^^^ jj ^^^ ,j,, Hioroughly dry.— TJcper- 



yond the last week m October, lest frost should | ^^^, r q^^^ 



injure them, a wheat crop may succeed them, ' ■ -^ ' 



and will not be found inferior to any other on 



the farm ; or the land will be in excellent state 



for barley another year. When the roots are 



used for fatting bullocks, they will be foimd 



more nutritious when they have been gathered 



two months. 



Some farmers use them for the dairy but it is 

 doubted by some, whether they tend to increase 

 the quantity of cream and butter in proportion 



FRIDAY, JULY 15, 1825. 



At a meeting of the Board of Trustees of the 

 Massachusetts Society for promoting Agricul- 

 ture, held 30th June, 1825. 



VoUiU That a premium of Twenty Dollars be 



granted to (he person who shall write ami trans 

 lo the Swedish turnip, certainly the flavour they j rnit to the Assistant Rec'g Secretary on or he- 

 impai^to both is sweetly delicious. But it is fore the first day of .lanuary next, the best 

 now their superiority manifests itself. They I natural history of the Rose Bug. its origin, hab- 



are now become more nutritious from keeping, 1 its, food, &,c. with the best method of destroy- 1 more nourishment than if it were bleached and 

 (if they have been carefully preserved,) and an- 1 lug this insect, or of preventing the injury it made liriUle by the sun, air, dew and rain, all of 



ofils readers may be greatly increased. 



The printers of newspapers in the county of 

 E=sex are requested to give this declaration of 

 the Trustees, a place in those papers. 

 By order of the Board. 



T. PICKERING, Prcsidm-. 

 Attest, J. W. PROCTOR, Secretary. 

 June n, 1825. 



FARTaHICS CAZ.£ZTDAR. 



H.vRVESTi.NG. — It is asserted, as a areneral rule- 

 that the proper lime to reap \\ heal,nr rye, s tvbcn 

 the straw begins to shrink and iiecome white 

 about half an inch below the ear. This appear- 

 ance is a sure indication that the grain has ceas- 

 ed to receive nourishment from the roots of the 

 pisnt ; and by cutting early, provided it is not 

 taken to the barn or stack too green, the follow- 

 in* advantages will be gained. First ihe grain 

 will make more and whiter flour. 2d I'here 

 will lie less wasted by the grain's shelling. 3d 

 By commencing harvest early you will have n 

 fairer jirospect of finishing before Ihe last cut- 

 tings become too ri|)e, so that much of the grain 

 will shell out in reaping and securing the crop, 

 4lh If you cut your grain as soon as it will an- 

 swer, your straw and chaff will contain much 



swer all the purposes of feeding on the farm 

 when other vegetables have been consumed, or 

 these left on the ground have run to seed. They 

 alTord in all seasons a succedaneum to the farm- 

 er for his young stock ; and when sliced and put 

 into troughs at the fold, Hush the milk of (he 

 ewe for her lamb ; and in a time of drought the 

 value of the root is incalculable. It is t'rom 



having a large stock of them on my farm, feel- f tecs of the Kssrx Agricultural Society, the following 

 ing at this moment their utility and [irotection ojjiaion of the merits of your paper, expressed by our 

 against the want (even) of summer pasturage, i venerable President, and uuanimously approved by the 

 (lor they will continue sound and wholesome Board, was ordered to be printed. With pleasure 1 

 food until the coming of the next year's crop,) forward it, iu the hope that it may serve to extend the 

 I wish lo attract the attention of my brother far- : circulation of your paper; and at the same time to bring 

 mers to provi<le themselves wilh a crop of the ^ home to you an increase o/»iOje means, without which 

 Mangel Wurtzel roots lo be partakers another , it must cease to operate, 

 year of the like benetils and advantages. M. W. I YVith the highest respect, 



rr^^^rr^ Your obedient servant, 



J. W. PROCTOR. 



which c(iml)ine to deprive it of most ofils value 

 for fodder. 5lh Should you plough in your stub- 

 ble immediately after harvest or mow it and 

 secure it fur fodder or litter (either of which 

 modes of management is perfectly consonant 

 with ihe rules of good husbandry) the siubble 

 [Will make much better foo<l for your cattle or 

 Dear Sir — At a late meeting- of the Board of Trns- i manure lor your ground, than if it hid yielded 

 ~ all lis sweets, and much ol its substance to the 



greedy elements above mentioned. 



now occasions. 



A copy from the Rceord, 



BENJ. GUILD, .^ss. Rec'^ S:c'p. 



T. G. Fessf.nden, F.sq. 



Edilor of tlu jVeJc England Farm':r. 



Danvcr."!, July 4, 1825. 



" The Trustees of the Essex Aarricullural Su- 



METHOD OF DRAINING. 



A correspondent lor the Farmtn'' Jvuinal gives the 

 following process for draining land: I ciely, desirous of prnm.'ting by every proper j wi^eifs you must cut it pretty near the lop in 



" Wilh a common plough open furrows, in Ihe \ means the great object of Ihe institution, earn- 1 order to avoid as much as possible those estra- 



If your wheal or rye is much aQ'tc'ted by blight 

 or rust it should be cut even while still in the 

 milk, and afterwards exposed to the sun and air, 

 till the siraw is sufficiently dry and the grain so 

 much hardened that it will answer to deposit ia 

 the barn or stack. The heads in such cases 

 should he so placed by the reapers as not to 

 touch the ground. This may be done by lay- 

 ing the top ends of each handful on the lower 

 end ot the preceding one. 



If 3 our grain is encumbered wilh grass or 



bottom and centre of which take out the earth j eslly recorrimend to the attention of Ihe Farm- 



from two lo three inches wide and four to six 

 deep, by culling Ihe sides with a common flat 

 spade, and clearing the drain wilh a narrow 

 tool made for Ihat purpose, then simply return- 

 ing Ihe soil into ils place. The soil which comes 

 out is so trifling, and generally so lender, thai 

 afler two or three fiosly nights it will brush in 

 and improve tlie surface. 



'• 1 have tried this method, and whenever a 

 fall can be got for Ihe water at the oullet, find 

 it answers admirably. Wilh a simple implement 

 which might he made to cul both sides at once, 

 and from nine to lifleen inches at a siroke, the 

 expense might be still further reduced." 



Drains of ihis kind night answer a valuable 

 purpose in some soils and situations. But heavy 



ers of Essex, the weekly paper entitled tlie 

 New England Farmer, printed at Boston, and 

 edited by 'I'liO'nas G. Fessenden, Esq. as a work 

 highly deserving encouragement, fur the useful 

 agricuUural infoimation which constantly occu- 

 pies lis pages. Without such a vehicle of intel- 

 ligence of important discoveries and improve- 

 ments in busb.itulry, these will remain unknown, 

 excei>t in the immediate neighbourhood, where 

 Ihey are lir.-l made. 



''The New England Farmer also notices im- 



neous substances. It will also be necessary to 

 reap somewhat enrlierthan might be olherwisc 

 cxpedienl, Ihat you may have time lo dry Ihe 

 weeds wilhout danger of the grain's shelling 

 out. l( your gram is very ripe when you har- 

 vest it, !he bands should be made early In Ihe 

 morning while Ihe straw is moist and pliable. — 

 And Dr Deane recommended, in such cases, to 

 bind the sheaves when the air begins lo be 

 damp toward* evening, as Ihe least degree of 

 moisture will toughen the straw. 



It has been recommended by several English 

 writers lo bind wheal as well as rye wilh only 



porlant public transactions and occurrences, of 



which every person possessing any curiosiiy lojone length of the straw. It ihc stVaw is pretty 

 know wiiat is passing in the world will begrati-| long, and not very llioroughly iUy, Ihis may be 

 tied in receiving inforraalum. These notices good economy. You save the Iroubic of making 

 must necessarily be very brief ; because this hands ; your'wheat will dry better in the sheat. 

 cattle should not be turned into land thus drain- 1 paper is essentially devotcl lo the advancement ! (as the sheaves must of course be small,) anil 

 ed for a year or two afler Ihe drains are cut, Uf agricultnn'. And we know of no weekly j ihough il m»y lake some more time and trouble 

 itst they should break through the turf or cov- [publication tijually interesting to the Farmers of lo pilch and handle it, we believe the advanta- 

 ges, ia niany cases will turij the scale iu favous 



