bringing in return such articles as are not produced in the 

 home market, and giving to industry its greatest reward. 



The capital expended in the construction of improved 

 means of communicatioHi will generall}^ repay the cost in the 

 increase of the value of property situated within the range of 

 its business. It brings the producer nearer his market, and 

 he reaps more equal advantages with those who live nearer 

 the cities and large manufacturing towns. The cost of an 

 article depends not only on the production, but also on the 

 cost of bringing it to market. Coal would be valueless at 

 the mines unless there were other means than human poAver 

 to transport it to the consumer. But with steam or railroad 

 facilities it becomes cheap fuel thousands of miles from the 

 mine. And the same power brings all parts of a country 

 into close relationship. Thus all branches of industry help 

 and assist each other, and all are made richer and happier. 



But the vital utility of manufactures to the farmer is in 

 their subserviency to agriculture, by affording to the husband- 

 man a near and steady home market . They give him the 

 advantage of two markets instead of one ; and instead of 

 quickening the industry and augmenting the resources of 

 other nations, they stimulate and increase the capital and 

 honor of our own. In order to show the more intimate 

 connection between agriculture and its kindred interests, I 

 would refer to a speech of Mr. Stewart, of Pennsylvania, in 

 Congress, on the Woollens Bill of 1828. He said "that he 

 supported the bill from its supposed benefits to agriculture, 

 on the ground that protection to our manufactures created a 

 home market for our farmers which no change in Europe 

 could affect, and prevent the importation of foreign agricul- 

 tural products to the neglect of our own." He continued : 

 "What is the i.nportation of cloth but the importation of 

 agricultural products ? Analyze it, resolve it into its consti- 

 tuent parts or elements, and what is it? Wool and labor. 

 AVhat produces the wool? Grass and grain. What supports 

 lal)or but bread and meat? Cloth is composed of the grass 



