150 PHYSIOGRAPHY. 



Quartz. 



onshire ; the brown Egyptian Jasper comes from the banks of the Nile; 

 the red variety, from Baden. The petrifactions, still preserving the 

 rings of wood, in the shape of trunks, branches and roots, are met with in 

 many countries, particularly in Hungary, and Antigua in the West In- 

 dies. Rare crystallizations of Quartz occur in the black limestone of 

 Quebec ; and large crystals of smoky Quartz, are brought from Nova- 

 Scotia. 



The United States have not afforded very remarkable varieties of 

 Rock crystal. The primitive mountains of New Hampshire and Ver- 

 mont, produce occasionally large crystals of this variety ; but their oc- 

 currence is rare. The transition limestone of New York affords at nu- 

 merous places, very beautiful crystals, chiefly of the form represented m 

 figs. 362, and 367, and which vary in dimensions from four inches in 

 diameter, down to the smallest size. Occasionally they are somewhat 

 smoky, and are often penetrated by anthracite. One of the oldest local- 

 ities, is Diamond Island, Lake George ; but that which still affords them 

 in the greatest abundance, is Canada Creek, near F airfield, St. Law- 

 rence county. The granite of Chesterfield, (Mass.) contains small crys- 

 tals, like fig. 360, in which scarcely any faces, excepting those belong- 

 ing to the primary rhomboid, are visible. The faces are destitute of 

 polish. The trap region of Massachusetts and Connecticut, occasionally 

 affords the Amethyst ; loose crystals of which are also found in the soil, 

 near Bristol, (R. I.) The notch of tfce White Mountains, (New Hamp- 

 shire,) and the Tourmaline deposit of Paris, (Me.) have both afforded 

 handsome crystals of brown or smoky Quartz. Iron-flint occurs at 

 Pittsfield, (Mass.) Druses of Quartz crystals, colored of a delicate 

 apple green, occur along with Chrysoprase, at New Fane, (Vt.) ; Prase, 

 at Cumberland, (R. I.) ; Rose Quartz, at Paris, (Me.) Southbury, (Conn.) 

 Acworth, (N. H.) ; leek- green Hornstone, in rolled masses, at Amherst 

 and Pelhara, (Mass.) ; common Hornstone, throughout the secondary 

 region of New York, Ohio, and other western states. Calcedony and 

 Carnelian occur, though rarely, forming agate, throughout the trap re- 

 gion of Connecticut and Massachusetts ; Red Jasper, at Saugus near 

 Boston, and yellow Jasper, with Calcedony, at Chester, (Mass.) ; the 

 latter found in large rolled masses. Pseudomorphous crystals, consist- 

 ing of coatings over six-sided prisms, and scalene dodecahedrons, of Cal- 

 careous Spar, are found in a galena vein, at Williamsburgh, (Mass.) 



7. Several varieties of Quartz are of important use in the arts and 

 manufactures. Those possessing good degrees of transparency, or fine 



