THE LEAVES OF THE TREE Were FOR THE HEALING OF THE NATIONS." 33 



one owned by Judge John A. Stanly, area 125 acres, and as a result he receives 

 most excellent returns. In addition to the commendable manner he has adopted in 

 the planting arrangements, the vineyard is snugly surrounded by fringes of 

 eucalyptus globulus, and in his report to the viticultural commission, from which I 

 now quote, he wrote: "Since I planted my first resistants, within three miles of 

 my vineyard, 500 acres have been planted to vines and eaten up by phylloxera. 

 My vineyard ia flourishing." The Judge assured me that the eucalypti fringes 

 thoroughly protect his vineyard from hoar frosts and severe wind storms. Since 

 the said official report was issued, the phylloxera plague has been discovered in 

 Southern California, and of which the San Francisco Examiner of April 1st, 1893, 

 writes as follows: " The phylloxera, the insect pest which has caused such a great 

 loss in the vineyards of Napa and Sonoma counties and which has destroyed 

 hundreds of thousands of acres of vines in France, has appeared in Southern Cali- 

 fornia in a small vineyard near Santa Ana. Coming; after the immense damage 

 that has been done by the Anaheim disease, (a new scourage) this is most dis- 

 couraging to the vineyardists of this section of the State." 



Professor Husmann's statements regarding the origin and early history 

 of Californian grape culture apart from any other cause in eastern 

 States, furnishes colorable reasons to justify the following opinion pub- 

 lished in a German work on the Phylloxera by Dr. Geo. David: 



"The nature of the (phylloxera) scourge having been determined, speculation 

 became rife as to the cause of its appearance. It was at first thought that the 

 phylloxera was indigenous to Europe, and that certain external influences had 

 brought about its sudden and extraordinary development. This view, however, 

 soon met with contradiction, and it is now proved beyond the possibility of 

 a doubt that the disease was directly imported from America. At Fonelbe, 

 near Tarascon; at Florida, near Bordeaux; at Klosternenberg and Oporto, in fact, 

 in whatever point the disease was first discovered, it is distinctly traceable to the 

 introduction of American plants The phylloxera of Europe and of America is 

 identical; this is proved by the researches of Mr. Kiley, who has published a com- 

 prehensive work upon the subject. In America, to the east of the Rocky Mountains, 

 the phylloxera abounds, and no European vines have there been successfully cul- 

 tivated. In those regions, however, a long struggle with the insect has resulted in 

 the development of varieties which are capable of resisting, to a certain extent, its 

 ravages, but which are in all other respects inferior to European vines. In Europe 

 the case is different; and the vines attacked by an enemy that they had no heredi- 

 tary tendency to resist, have inevitably succumbed." 



FRENCH REPORT ON THB BI-SULPHATE OF CARBON TREATMENT FOR THE 

 Phylloxera vastatrix SCOURGE; translated and re-published by Mr. A. K. 

 Finlay of Glenoriston, Australia, September, 1880, folios 8-9 Said report 

 contains the following concluding remarks: 



"The first applications of bi-sulphide of carbon were made between the 15th of 

 March and 4th of April, 1877. Tne lower part received a repeated treatment at 

 the rate of fifteen drachms per square yard, while in the upper portion twelve 

 drachms per square yard was applied in a single operation. In 1878 a repeated 

 treatment was carried out between the 15th and 30th of May, over the whole vine- 

 yard. On the 15th of July some insects still showed themselves on the lower rows, 

 and an injection of seven drachms per square yard was applied in a single operation. 

 In 1878 a repeated treatment was carried out between the 15th and 30th of May 

 over the whole vineyard. On the 15th of July some insects still showed themselves 

 on the lower rows, and an injection of seven drachms per square yard was given to 

 the three first lines." 



Turning to folio 9 of said translation I find the following interesting 

 paragraph: 

 " In order to understand the wonderful rapidity with which the phylloxera advances, 



