288 



FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION 



June 



among them a very serviceable sluice 

 hose with open lateral ports, which 

 may be regulated by tying with stout 

 cord, this latter improvement being the 

 device of Mr. George H. Patch, of Wis- 

 consin. 



This hose is easily made, the canvas 

 being torn into strips approximately 



the boiled oil alone is used. Such hose 

 will not stand great pressures, but for 

 many purposes will be found inexpen- 

 sive, conveniently handled, and adapted 

 to a variety of uses. It can be run 

 along the ground or supported on poles 

 in the air. Couplings can be made with 

 galvanized iron pipe inserted and tied 



FORMS OF GALVANIZED IRON LATERALS FOR USE WITH OILED DUCK HOSE. 



three times the diameter of the pipe 

 desired, with an allowance for width of 

 seam, which is sewed on a heavy sew- 

 ing machine. The hose is then sat- 

 urated inside and out in boiling coal-tar 

 and linseed oil, four parts to one. It can 

 then be wrung through a clothes-wringer 

 and left ten days to dry. In some cases 



with stout cord, and lateral branches 

 maybe made with T joints of any light 

 pipe which will fit the hose. A majority 

 of the truck gardeners of New Jersey use 

 gasoline engines, as being cheaper, easier 

 to operate than steam, and also because 

 a licensed engineer is not required by 

 law to operate them. 



{Continued in July number.} 



THE FORESTS OF CANADA. 



BY 



HENRY S. CULVER, 



U. S. CONSUL, LONDON, ONTARIO. 



THE composition and present con- 

 dition of the timber areas of 

 Canada are not generally understood by 

 the people of the United States. They 

 are too much inclined to look upon them 

 as one unbroken forest rather than as 

 separate and distinct areas, and they 

 erroneously associate with these dif- 

 ferent areas the best timbers known to 

 have their habitat in this northern 

 country. 



A general idea of the composition of 

 the Dominion forests may be formed by 

 ignoring the minor belts of timber and 

 the isolated forest reserves and divid- 

 ing the main forest lands into three 

 great belts or divisions. 



This, of course, necessitates leaving 



out of the report the forests of the mari 

 time provinces, which are extensive and 

 valuable, covering about one- tenth of 

 the area of those of Ontario and Quebec ; 

 but the forests of New Brunswick and 

 Nova Scotia may be compared in a gen- 

 eral way to those of Maine. By the 

 division suggested, we have three great 

 timber belts in the Dominion : the north- 

 ern or spruce belt, the southern or com- 

 mercial belt both east of the Rocky 

 Mountains and the British Columbia 

 belt, west of the Rocky Mountains. In 

 point of value, for general purposes the 

 western or British Columbia belt is far 

 superior to either of the eastern areas 

 mentioned, for the reason that the cli- 

 mate, tempered as it is by the warm 



