326 FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION July 



small truck or potatoes. Their roots no doubt the number will be increased by 



do not spread far and are soon gone, future experiments. The many past 



while the return from them will be suf- failures have taught valuable lessons, 



ficient to pay for the cultivation which which are being heeded. Omitting the 



should be given to the trees were they less desirable species, those adapted tc 



planted alone. various situations and purposes may be 



A sure way to ruin a young planta- classified as follows : 

 tion is to turn cattle into it. Even if 



the trees are too large to be broken off UPLAND SPECIES. 



by rubbing, every branch within reach For ljmd planti under ordinary 



willgo and forest conditions of shade conditions the honey locust, Osage 



and undergrowth be destroyed, so that orange) Ru ,,i an mulberry, and red cedai 



weeds and grass can easily get a foot- are of rior hard i lie ss and may be 



hold. The damage to large trees in reHed for d results _ Next in 



situations where moisture is abundant hardiness come the white elm green ash 



is not so great and the protection fur- hackberrVi and Scotch and Austrian 



nished to stock in such a case may be ineS) all of which do ye nicd when 



of more value than anything else. The p roper iy car ed for. 

 principal injury to older trees is by 



trampling. A heavy soil becomes VALLEY SPECIES. 

 packed so that it is nearly impervious 



to water, while a sandy one is worn For valley situations, where the roots 



away, leaving the roots exposed. will eventually get the benefit of perma- 

 nent water, all the upland species are 



WHAT TO PLANT. excellent, and to them may be added in 



In order to succeed in forest planting many localities the cottonwood, boxel- 



in western Kansas, a careful selection of der, soft maple, black walnut, and hardy 



species is as important as good care. catalpa. 



Many kinds of trees can not be made to COMMERCIAL SPECIES. 

 thrive, no matter how much cultivation 



be given, and the planter must in some In favorable situations, where growth 



cases be content with what he can get is rapid, these species may be profitably 



rather than what he wants. Experience planted for commercial returns: Osage 



has thus far demonstrated that 15 or 20 orange, black locust, Russian mulberry, 



species of forest trees can be grown, and and hardy catalpa. 



MICHIGAN STATE AGRICULTURAL 



COLLEGE. 



DESCRIPTION OF ITS COURSES IN FORESTRY AND THE 

 EQUIPMENT FOR THIS DEPARTMENT OF ITS WORK. 



THE course in forestry at the Mich- object in view, the freshman and sopho- 



igan Agricultural College, an more years of the course are identical 



institution established in 1857, and the with the same terms in the agricultural 



oldest in this country, was put into course. The instruction in forestry 



operation in September, 1902. It is a proper occupies the junior and senior 



four-year course, designed .to instruct years, although the curriculum for the 



students in agricultural subjects as far sophomore terms in all courses includes 



as they will be likely to have demand preliminary forest work. In the junior 



for it, and to afford an opportunity for year there are 552 and 588 hours of 



students to prepare themselves for the class-room and field or laboratory work, 



profession of forestry. With the former respectively, of which 192 and 216 hours 



