528 



FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION 



November 



tion of land. An oversupply of water evaporation will leave a deposit of salt, 



in the first experiments produced con- so that care must be taken that the soil 



ditions that prejudiced many farmers does not become too wet. 



against the practice, but later tests The bulletin as a whole shows the 



show that no injury need be feared great advantage of irrigation as a 



Forms of Galvanized Iron Laterals for Use With Oiled Duck Hose. 



where water is properly used. All 

 cases of deterioration are directly 

 traceable to an oversupply of water. 

 An excessive amount of water in the 

 soil will smother the rootlets and on 



means of increasing production and 

 as an insurance against drought, even 

 where the expense of securing a wa- 

 ter supply is great. 



Education in Forestry in England 



BY 



W. R. FISHER 



A LL considerable European 

 ** countries, except perhaps 

 Portugal, have forest schools. 

 In France there is the Na- 

 tional Forest School, founded 

 at Nancy in 1826, where, besides the 

 candidates for employment in the 

 State forests, about 350 other students 

 of all nationalities, but chiefly Rou- 

 manian, English, and Belgian, have 

 been taught since 1830. There is in 

 France also a school for forest guards 

 and foresters at Barres, in the Depart- 

 ment de Loiret, and the best students 

 from this school can rise to the posi- 

 tion of forest officers, and may attain 

 the grade of Inspecteur des Eaux et 

 Forets, corresponding to our Deputy 

 Surveyors of the Crown Forests, 

 though they cannot, on account of 

 their superior age to that of the Nancy 

 students, become Conservateurs, a 

 rank which is not usually attained 

 even by the Nancy men until they 

 have been in the service for about 

 thirty-five years. There are numer- 



ous schools of forestry in Germany, 

 the principal ones being Eberswalde, 

 Munich, Thrandt, Tubingen, Giessen, 

 etc. There are several forest schools 

 in Austria, also in Norway and Swe- 

 den, one each for Russia, Italy, Swit- 

 zerland. Holland (chiefly for the 

 Dutch Colonies), Spain, and Belgium. 

 The Japanese have a forest school at 

 Tokio, there are several in the United 

 States, one in India, and one in Bur- 

 ma. 



When we consider the extent of the 

 British Empire, and the large area of 

 forests in the British Colonies, it is 

 evident that the establishment of for- 

 est schools is necessary in Canada, 

 Australia, New Zealand, South Afri- 

 ca, and Ceylon. Much more has been 

 done for forestry in India and in our 

 Crown Colonies than in the larger, 

 self-governing Colonies, except in the 

 Cape of Good Hope, where there has 

 been a scientific Forest Department 

 for the last thirty years. There are 

 Forestry Departments, under trained 



