1906 



FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION 



233 



ent moderate grazing of cattle is car- 

 ried on without risk to reproduction 

 of the forest. 



The Medicine Bow Forest Reserve 

 contains the largest continuous body 

 of lodgepole pine to be found in the 

 Rocky Mountains. The timber on the 

 tract for which the plan was made is 

 accessible ; tie cutting has been carried 

 on in the reserve for some years ; and 

 it was definitely known that all the 

 timber which could safely be removed 

 would find a ready sale. Measure- 

 ments in the woods and careful stud- 

 ies of the rate of past growth and of 

 the forest's power of self-renewal fur- 

 nished data from which the govern- 

 ment foresters calculated what the for- 

 est can be expected to yield and what 

 per cent can be cut safely now. It was 

 found that 165,000,000 feet B. M. of 

 lodgepole pine could be taken out and 

 vet leave a large percentage for future 

 crops. Special studies were made of 

 the injury to which the forest is liable 

 from insect attack and fungus, from 

 windfall and fire. Local market con- 

 ditions and the methods and cost of 

 lumbering were investigated to see 

 whether improvements, and economies 

 might not be instituted, as well as to 

 fix upon a fair stumpage price. 



Consumption 

 of Tanbark 



Products ot 



Hardwood 



Distillation 



Reports made to the 

 Forest Service by 58 

 hardwood distillers haye 

 been compiled, so as to give the fol- 

 lowing preliminary statement of the 

 number of cords' of hardwood re- 

 quired by this industry and the vol- 

 ume of its products. The woods al- 

 most universally used are beech, birch, 

 and maple, only a little over 1 per cent 

 being oak and chestnut. 



The preliminary state- 

 ment of the consump- 

 tion of tanbark in 1905 

 is compiled from the reports of 440 

 firms to the Forest Service. These 

 firms purchased hemlock and oak bark 

 during the year as follows : 



The bark purchased was obtained 

 from the various States as follows : 



Hemlock bark. 



State from which obtained. 



Pennsylvania 



Michigan 



Wisconsin 



West Virginia 



Maine 



New York 



Vermont 



Other States . 



Total .... 



Number of 

 cords. 



379,733 

 219,852 

 68,247 

 37,812 

 29,700 

 13,638 

 7,451 

 10,595 



766,268 



Per 

 cent. 



49.5 

 28.5 

 9.0 

 5.0 

 3.9 

 1.7 

 1.0 

 1.8 



100.0 



Oak bark. 



State from which obtained. 



Virginia. 



California 



Pennsylvania .... 

 West Virginia.... 



Tennessee 



North Carolina. 



Kentucky 



Maryland 



Georgia 



Ohio 



Other States 



Number of 

 cords. 



Total 



68.764 



48,144 



46,903 



37,890 



28,599 



27,876 



17.648 



7,423 



4,457 



4,123 



1,931 



293,758 



Per 



cent. 



23.4 



16.4 



16.0 



12.9 



9.7 



9.5 



6.0 



2.5 



1.5 



1.4 



100.0 



Forest Plant- 

 ing Stations 



Seven different states 

 now have eight forest 

 experiment stations, es- 

 tablished during the past year, for co- 

 operation between the Forest Service 

 and State forest commissions and ag- 

 ricultural colleges. These stations are 

 designed to meet the growing demand 

 for detailed information on the prop- 

 agation of forest trees in various re- 

 gions. 



As a result of regional studies and 

 special investigations, the Forest Ser- 



