1906 



FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION 



291 



ipered and their contents calculated 

 from an existing volume table. One 

 tract was then estimated by taking cir- 

 cular quarter acre plots at regular in- 

 tervals so as to obtain i-io of the 

 area. The results so obtained, using 

 the same volume table showed a con- 

 servative estimate, running with some 

 crews 20 per cent, lower than the ac- 

 tual stand. 



The second method was the selec- 

 tion of a sample acre, the contents of 

 which was multiplied by 40 to get the 

 total stand. This method universally 

 overran the actual stand, in some cases 

 going 40 per cent, too high. 



The class then took up the estima- 

 tion of the log contents of trees. Strips 

 were run 4 rods wide in compass 

 courses. The diameters were esti- 

 mated by the eye and recorded by dots 

 and in parallel columns, the upper di- 

 ameter of each log, and total number 

 of logs in each tree. The contents of 

 the logs were calculated by the Scrib- 

 ner rule to obtain the stand per acre. 

 By this method, and having a tract 

 whose total stand was known, as a 

 basis, the men rapidly acquired the 

 ability to accurately estimate timber 

 and became familiar with log sizes, 

 number of logs per tree, number per 

 thousand feet scaled and the taper of 



the timber. The slender rapidly taper- 

 ing timber of upper slopes was esti- 

 mated by this method as easily as the 

 taller timber below, and the only 

 checks found necessary were the occa- 

 sional measurements of a fallen tree 

 for merchantable length and taper. 



The whole tract of 22,000 acres 

 minus the cut-over land was then esti- 

 mated by this method, the work oc- 

 cupying about 10 days for 17 men. 

 While running the strips, distances 

 were obtained wholly by pacing, the 

 total distance of each line being scaled 

 off the map to serve as a check, espe- 

 cially on steep slopes. The cut-over 

 areas, and types were mapped at the 

 same time, and notes taken on the 

 character of the timber, reproduction 

 and possibilities of logging. 



During the final week this data was 

 summed up and a working plan was 

 made for the tract, comprising a plan 

 for fire protection, lumbering and ad- 

 ministration with the object to main- 

 tain the spruce forests on all areas 

 suitable for its growth and secure as 

 large a return as possible in the future 

 at minimum cost. 



The class will go out well equipped 

 for similar work on the Government 

 reserves or for private parties. 



THE MANTI FOREST RESERVE 



Description of a Typical Reservation in Utah 



BY 

 A. W. JENSEN 



Forest Supervisor. 



""THE Manti Forest Reserve, Utah, 

 * was established by proclamation 

 of the president of the United States. 

 Theodore Roosevelt, on the 29th day 

 of May, 1903, and embraces an area of 

 584,640 acres. 



This reserve is located between the 

 in and 112 degrees west longitude, 

 and the 39 and 40 degrees of north lati- 

 tude, and within townships thirteen to 

 twenty-one south, and ranges two to 

 eight east, S. L. Mer., embracing valu- 

 able grazing, timber, mining, and 



watershed lands of the Wasatch 

 Plateau. Immediately at the foot of 

 the reserve and upon its western side 

 the valuable lands of San Pete County, 

 and upon the eastern side the valuable 

 farming lands of Emery County. 



The elevation of the reserve varies 

 from 5.500 to 11,000 feet and from its 

 summit or dividing watershed line 

 which extends through the entire re- 

 serve at an angle of south 18 degrees 

 West, arise canyons which traverse the 

 reserve from two to twenty miles and 



