328 



FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION 



July 



land owned by him to the extent of 

 area allowed to any one landowner, it 

 has been deemed advisable to adminis- 

 ter the law through the instrumen- 

 tality of water users' associations 

 which are organized by the owners of 

 lands within the project. By the con- 

 tracts heretofore made with such as- 

 sociations by the Secretary of the In- 

 terior, only those who are or may be- 

 come members of such associations 

 will be accepted as entrymen or ap- 

 plicants for the right to the use of wa- 

 ter which may be impounded or con- 

 trolled by the works of such project. 



"Under the articles of incorpora- 

 tion and by the laws of such associa- 

 tions, which are part of every con- 

 tract, every member or shareholder of 

 the association, whether he be the 

 owner of lands or an entryman of 

 public lands, is restricted in his hold- 

 ing to 150 shares of stock, one share 

 being allowed to each acre or fraction 

 thereof, so that, the Secretary of the 

 Interior, by entering into a contract 

 with such association, has fixed 160 

 acres as the limit of the right to the 

 use of water by any one person, 

 whether the land irrigated is entered 

 as public land or is held in private 

 1 iwnership, or under both rights." 



Chance for An investigation was 

 cement recently made by the 



cement experts of the 

 United States Reclamation Service to 

 determine the existence and avail- 

 ability of raw materials for the manu- 

 facture of Portland cement in the vi- 

 cinity of Havre, Mont. 



An area exceeding 355 acres con- 

 venient to Assinniboine station, on 

 the main line of the Montana Central 

 Railway, Great Northern system, was 

 found to contain an unfailing supply 

 of natural cement rock. Suitable clay 

 f >r an admixture, if needed at any 

 time in the preparation of cement, is 

 abundant on the ground, and the bi- 

 tuminous coal mines throughout the 

 on furnish fuel adapted for the 

 burning of the rock. A mill site and 

 town site were located and large 

 springs furnish an abundant water 



supply for domestic and other pur- 

 poses. 



The Reclamation Service has four 

 large projects in Montana which have 

 been approved by the Secretary of the 

 Interior. Upon two of these work is 

 well under way. The estimated cost 

 of these four great works is $12,000,- 

 000, and upon their completion de- 

 pends the reclamation of approxi- 

 mately half a million acres of land. 

 Thousands of barrels of cement will 

 be needed in their construction, and 

 the service is naturally gravely con- 

 cerned in the output of this material, 

 as the present unprecedented demand 

 for cement all over the West is al- 

 ready taxing the capacity of mills 

 throughout the country to the utmost. 

 It is believed that investors will em- 

 brace the opportunity presented by the 

 known existence of materials suitable 

 for cement manufacture in various lo- 

 calities in the West. The great profits 

 arising from the successful conduct of 

 the cement business is now too well 

 known to require comment. 



It is not the policy of the Govern- 

 ment to go into the cement business 

 unless through the inaccessibility of 

 the works the success of a project 

 should become jeopardized, as in the 

 case of the Salt River project, Ari- 

 zona, where the great distance from 

 existing mills and the long wagon 

 haul made the cost of cement pro- 

 hibitive. 



Gaging 

 Stations 

 Washed Out 



The recent floods on 

 Walla Walla and Uma- 

 tilla Rivers carried away 

 several gages of the United States 

 Geological Survey, and at one station 

 (Milton) washed away the whole sta- 

 tion outfit, including the cable from 

 which discharge measurements were 

 made. At another station at Milton, 

 on the South Fork of Walla Walla 

 River, a new channel was formed, 

 leaving the bridge and gage high and 

 dry. Estimates of discharge during 

 this flood have not yet been made for 

 most stations. A discharge measure- 

 ment made at the crest of the flood 

 in the lower stretch of Umatilla River 



