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CONSERVATION 



Special attention was paid to the past 

 methods of lumbering as contrasted 

 with the careful forest exploitation of 

 the present. Comparisons were also 

 made as to the relative waste incurred 

 by the various industries and the need 

 of even more conservative utilization 

 than now exists. Northern Wisconsin, 

 in conjunction with the other lake 

 states, has suffered from immense tres- 

 pass cases in the past and is having a 

 large number of small cases at present. 

 Various areas were inspected where 

 private, state and national trespass had 

 taken place, and instruction was given 

 as to the general methods of procedure 

 in each case. To gain a working knowl- 

 edge of estimating a stand of timber, 

 the students cruised after an expert and 

 then compared their results with his. 

 The various methods of estimating as 

 used in forestry investigations were 

 performed in the field and compared 

 with cruising methods. Detailed studies 

 were made of the items of cost and the 

 methods employed in each step of the 

 wood operations at the camps of the 

 Robbins and the Brown Brothers lum- 

 ber companies, while general studies 

 were made at two other camps. 



At Rhinelander the students were 

 taken through the paper and pulp mill 

 which uses both the mechanical and the 

 chemical method of manufacturing 

 paper and has a reputation of being 

 unsurpassed in rapidity of production 

 by any mill of its size in the country. 

 Mr. F. S. Robbins, of the Robbins 

 Lumber Company, who did all in his 

 power to make the trip a success, took 

 personal charge of the study in his 

 mills and gave an exact statement of 



the cost of each operation and the fac- 

 tors influencing it. Air. Robbins' saw- 

 mill has a capacity of 130,000 board 

 feet per day and has in connection a 

 planing mill, dry kiln, flooring plant, 

 interior wood-working plant, shingle 

 mill and lath mill. lie utilizes every 

 available species of conifers and hard- 

 woods, and all material which is not 

 used for higher class products is used 

 for cord wood. Similar trips were 

 also taken through a high-class veneer 

 factory and a refrigerator factory. Side 

 trips were taken to a large charcoal 

 and wood alcohol plant and a large 

 combined tannery and sawmill. 



The winter trip was planned as a 

 regular feature of the forestry course, 

 designed to supplement the spring trip 

 which was taken to the Dismal River 

 National Forest where extensive plan- 

 tations of forest trees are made in the 

 sand hills of Nebraska. The students 

 also visit local nurseries and forest 

 plantations. Still better training is 

 planned by requiring each student to 

 spend one full summer vacation in the 

 forest, which is aimed to give a more 

 complete training than could possibly 

 be given in a field course in forestry. 

 To improve the teaching facilities in 

 forestry the space assigned to the for- 

 estry department at the university has 

 been increased more than five-fold and 

 the equipment has been increased ten- 

 fold. Besides the five professors who 

 teach technical forestry subjects sev- 

 eral special lecturers have been se- 

 cured to give courses of five to fifteen 

 lectures each along the lines of forestry 

 in which thev are authorities. 



Brown Lake Reservoir Site Washington 



