THE NEW ITALIAN FOREST POLICY 155 



raneously with the fuller density of the forest and the better quality of 



the wood. 



As to this end affirmed as the principle of every positive forest policy 

 that : 



U A forest must be considered and guarded as a productive capital to be 

 submitted to regular management, as a protection against the erosion of the 

 soil and a regulator of the circulation of the waters." 



And expressed the desire that the institution of a Forest Experiment Sta- 

 tion, with the following definitive aims and relative endowments, should be 

 rendered compulsory in the bill presented to Parliament for the reform of 

 forest instruction : 



(a) to prepare the yield-tables of the principal tree species, native 

 and acclimatized; 



(b) to study the acclimatization of new remunerative forest spe- 



cies; 



(c) to study and improve the methods of forest plantation ; 



(d) to study the technical properties of Italian timber products 

 with the object of a better utilization ; and finally, recommended that 

 in order to get a preliminary knowledge of the elements of forest produc- 

 tion in Italy, which is of such great economic importance and urgency, 

 the inquiry into the private forest production started by the Federazione 

 Pro Montibus be intensified and extended as much as possible. 



In this way we shall have learnt the lesson taught by Dr. Fernow, and 

 the seeds planted by the Congresses of Bologna and Turin will take root and 

 develop to the benefit of the entire Italian nation, the forest economy of 

 which, on account of its geographical formation, its climate, its commercial 

 exchanges and industrial development, should form a third part of the entire 

 economy of the nation. 



The Italian Forest Congresses will be continued and organized every 

 two years by the Pro Montibus Federation (Piazza Borghese 3, Home, Italy), 

 which was constituted precisely on the occasion of the Bologna Congress for 

 the purpose of promoting more particularly the improvement of sylviculture, 

 reafforestation, the systematization of the mountain forests and forest econ- 

 omy in general. Its President is Hon. G. B. Miliani, a strenuous and great 

 paper-mills and lands owner. 



The man ivho makes the greatest success of orcharding at the present 

 time is the man who is giving the most attention to the control of insect pests 

 in his orchard. While this may not be absolutely true in all cases it is true 

 in the majority of them, at least. 



Next summer the forests of Michigan will have the added protection of 

 a big force of Michigan Forest Scouts, the boy organization now being per- 

 fected by Major W. R. Oates, State game., fish and forest warden, as a means 

 of interesting the lads in the conservation of the woods as well as teaching 

 them woodcraft in a practical way and then putting their knowledge to a 

 practical use. 



