AMERICAN FORESTRY 



throughout Europe as the white oak is forms of protection over all forest land. 



famous in America. Another feature is to encourage the 



largest public use of all forests as a 



EASY METHOD OF PLANTING means of health, recreation and enjoy- 



The city forests of Darmstadt in ment for all the people. 



Hessen are composed largely of pine Native American evergreens and 



and beech. The oldest stands of pine softwoods are being planted here on a 



were started over 100 years ago, by large scale. Among them the white 



simply scattering pine cones upon the pine and Douglas fir are the favorites 



ground and driving large flocks of O n the better soils, while pitch pine and 



sheep over them. By this means the Jack pines are planted on the poor, 



seed were pressed into the ground and sandy soils. Last summer was one of 



a fair stand of seedlings resulted by unprecedented heat and drouth and this 



using this cheap and easy method. caused the death of many young stands 



Especially fine are the stands of pine of introduced species, while the natives 



in the pole stage, that is of size fit for suffered comparatively slight losses, 



telegraph poles. These trees are 50 and this emphasizes the greater vitality 



years old and were raised from more of the latter. 



carefully planted seeds. They have Among the introduced deciduous 



long, clean, straight trunks, and the trees the American red oak seems to 



largest specimens are being removed so be the one that is favorably regarded, 



as to give a better chance to those that The financial success of German for- 



are left. estry depends mainly on two factors: 



The youngest stands are for the most First, good means of transportation ; 

 part transplanted seedlings, which were and second, that the owners, whether 

 planted at the rate from ten to fifteen they be state, city or private, refuse 

 thousand per acre. The cost of plant- absolutely to sell more than a small 

 ing is not a great item for the two-year- annual percentage of the stand. By do- 

 old seedlings can be raised at an ex- ing this the market is never over- 

 pense of from ten to twenty cents a stocked, for the demand is always 

 thousand and the labor of outplanting greater than the supply, and the price 

 is from fifty to seventy-five cents a received is much greater than the cost 

 day. of production, including the interest on 



The German forest policy aims to re- the money invested at compound rates, 

 forest all waste lands, and to gradually The American foresters and timber- 

 increase the forest area, under direct land owners can learn many things 

 state control. It aims to improve the from the German foresters along many 

 education and training of foresters and lines, and many mistakes that might be 

 rangers at the expense of the state, and made in their work can be avoided by 

 is seeking to extend fire and other the study of the European methods. 



The state forests of Bavaria comprise 2,150,000 acres. Thirty-three per cent of the 

 entire area of the country is covered with forest. Of these trees 77 per cent, are coniferous. 

 The average estimated value of the forest land is $50 per acre. The annual aggregate ex- 

 pense of administering the forests, including salaries of officials, wages of workingmen, local 

 taxation, new purchases, etc., amounts to $4,965,204. The total revenue from the forests 

 the same year amounted to $8,187,349. 



