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AMERICAN FORESTRY 



siderable distance a central lane of clear 

 The stream which it sends forth, 



ice. 



White River, is the largest of all the ice- 

 fed streams radiating from the peak. 

 It flows northward and then turns in a 

 northwesterly direction, emptying finally 

 in Puget Sound at the city of Seattle. 



WINTHROP GLACIER. 2 



On the northeast side of the mountain, 

 descending from the same high neves as 

 the Emmons Glacier, is the Winthrop 

 Glacier. Not until halfway down, at an 

 elevation of about 10,000 feet, does it 

 detach itself as a separate ice stream. 



the domes require a word of interpre- 

 tation. They are underlain by rounded 

 bosses of especially resistant rock. Over 

 these the ice is lifted, much as is the 

 water of a swift mountain torrent over 

 submerged bowlders. Immediately 

 above each obstruction the ice appears 

 compact and free from crevasses, but as 

 it reaches the top and begins to pour 

 over it breaks, and a network of inter- 

 secting cracks divides it into erect, 

 angular blocks and fantastic obelisks. 

 Below each dome there is, as a rule, a 

 deep hollow partly inclosed by trailing 

 ice ridges, analogous to the whirling 



Photo by Geo. V. Caesar. 



A CREVASSED DOME ON THE LOWER WINTHROP GLACIER. 



The division takes place at the apex of 

 that great triangular interspace so aptly 

 named "the Wedge." Upon its sharp 

 cliff edge, Steamboat Prow, the de- 

 scending neves part, it has been said, 

 like swiftflowing waters upon the divid- 

 ing bow of a ship at anchor. The simile 

 is an excellent one; even the long foam 

 crest, rising along the ship's side, is 

 represented by a wave of ice. 



Of greatest interest on the Winthrop 

 Glacier are the ice cascades and domes. 

 Evidently the glacier's bed is a very 

 uneven one, giving rise to falls and 

 pools, such as one observes in a turbu- 

 lent trout stream. The cascades ex- 

 plain themselves readily enough, but 



eddy that occurs normally below a 

 bowlder in a brook. Thus does a glacier 

 simulate a stream of water even in its 

 minor details. 



The domes of the Winthrop Glacier 

 measure 50 to 60 feet in height. A 

 sample of the kind of obstruction that 

 produces them appears, as if specially 

 provided to satisfy human curiosity, 

 near the terminus of the glacier. There 

 one may see, close to the west wall of the 

 troughlike bed, a projecting rock mass, 

 rounded and smoothly polished over 

 which the glacier rode but a short time 

 ago. 



Another feature of interest some- 

 times met with on the Winthrop Glacier, 



2 On some earlier Government maps this glacier is called White Glacier. 



