724 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



No. 1. Cross section 

 of a young tree 

 snowing how the 

 new wood and bark 

 grow into an unfilled 

 cavity from the mar- 

 gin. The line indi- 

 cates amount of ex- 

 cavating needed be- 

 fore filling the 

 cavity. 



No. 3. Cross section 

 showing manner of 

 using two single 

 beaded bolts to brace 

 a cavity. 



No' 2. Cross section of cavity 

 showing manner of using single 

 beaded bolt and placing nails 

 when there is little or no under 

 cutting. 



No. 4. Ova! washer, best kind to 

 use, showing proper method of 

 countersinking and bolting. 



NO. 5. SAME AS NO. 2 FILLED WITH CEMENT. 



PLATE No. 4. VIEWS OF EXCAVATED, BOLTED AND CEMENTED CAVITIES. 



TREATMENT OF CAVITIES. 



During the last few years there has 

 been a widespread popular interest in 

 the treatment of decayed places in old 

 trees. This type of work can be re- 

 garded as comprising three essential 

 operations: (1) Removing all decayed 



and diseased matter, (2) sterilizing and 

 waterproofing all cut surfaces, and (3) 

 filling the cavity in a manner that will 

 favor rapid healing and exclude rot- 

 producing organisms. 



The necessary tools for digging out 

 decayed matter are few. As a rule, two 





