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VII. The Suggested Solution of the Problem 



In one sense the farm problem can never be solved in any 

 country. It is a very difficult and complex series of situations 

 that the farmers continually face. The analysis of the rural 

 problem in China just given does nothing but attempt to make 

 us realize the complexity and gravity of this question. The 

 most that we can do is to show if possible how difficulties may 

 be met by developing organization and in general considering 

 improvements in the farmers' conditions. First of all we must 

 seek for some large general principles that can be utilized in 

 our attempt to bring about this amelioration. This report will 

 suggest the use of two major means; namely, organization and 

 education. But under organization must come two other 

 important aspects of co-ordinated effort; namely, the formation 

 of an All-China agricultural program in order that the whole 

 problem may be approached as a unit; and second, a program 

 for the development of the Chinese farm village, in order that 

 the masses of the people themselves may be effectively reached. 

 We may now discuss each of these suggestions briefly. 



A. The Organization of China's Agriculture and Country Life 



Technically organization is the correlation of the factors 

 that enter into the methods of solving a given problem. In 

 agriculture it means an effort to utilize all agencies, institutions, 

 and efforts that can assist in improving the conditions of the 

 working farmer and that will help meet the difficult problems 

 that these farmers have to face. 



There are two main phases of organization, both of them 

 of prime importance. 



1. The association of farmers themselves for various ends 

 of special importance to them. 



2. The co-ordination of government, educational and 

 administrative agencies, together with important bodies of 

 business men, managers of railroads and similar agencies, in 

 order that large plans may be laid and effective work under- 

 taken in lines that will assist the farmers to help themselves. 



Farmer's Associations. These by all means are to be 

 encouraged. This century is a century of organized activities. 

 The farmers of the world were the last group to make use of 

 this principle. But it was found years ago in Europe and is 

 now being found in the United States to be true that the better 



