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Investigation. From the standpoint of practical efficiency 

 little real progress can be made in either teaching or extension 

 work in agriculture until the results of investigation are 

 available. Certain scientific data are as applicable in China as 

 elsewhere. But the moment science is expected to affect 

 practice, it becomes essential that the specialist is certain that 

 he speaks the true word of practice when he attempts to teach 

 the student or advise the farmer. Those in charge of education 

 cannot be too strongly impressed with this basic term in 

 successful education in agriculture. 



Agricultural surveys of various sorts will be one of the most 

 fruitful methods of investigation. To discover how the farmers 

 work and live, what their real problems are, the conditions 

 under which they are compelled to labor these will furnish 

 material for teaching, suggest problems for scientific investiga- 

 tion, give first-hand touch with realities, arouse true sympathy 

 with the worker, pave the way for helpful advice to him, and 

 help to break down prejudice, allay suspicion, and root out 

 superstition. 



Genuine research in a few fundamental lines should be 

 undertaken. It can hardly be expected that the whole field can 

 be covered; although work in farm management, agricultural 

 economics, and rural sociology should be regarded as just as 

 necessary as that in physical and biological sciences. 



The Extension Service. No agricultural college functions 

 properly that fails to try to reach the working farmer with the 

 word that shall be suggestive and perhaps authoritative for 

 better method. It is quite impossible for the Christian 

 agricultural colleges to build an extension system commensurate 

 with the need, or comparable with that now in vogue in the best 

 organized systems of agricultural education. But the same 

 general methods are probably applicable. The following are 

 suggested: Lectures, demonstrations, testing stations or farms, 

 travelling exhibits, motion pictures, charts, bulletins, placards. 

 A booklet on " What the Chinese farmers should know" would 

 not be out of place to go with the booklet issued by the famous 

 governor of Shansi on "What the Chinese citizen ought to 

 know." It is clear that the amount of extension work that can 

 be done by individual members of the teaching or research staff 

 is limited; also the number of men that can probably be 

 employed solely for extension work. Hence some method must 

 be devised for multiplying the service of the college staff by 



