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DIABETES INSIPIDUS— SIMPLE DIABETES (PISSING). 



A disease characterized by great thirst, excessive urination, and 

 great languor and emaciation. 



In the majority of cases it is caused by poor (tainted) food. In 

 some cases it seems to be due to a constitutional cause. 



Symptoms.— Excessive urination, from 6 to 12 gallons every 

 twenty-four hours; great thirst, the animal sometimes drinking 

 from 20 to 25 gallons of water in twenty-four hours; depraved 

 appetite; urine of a very pale color, sometimes as clear as water; 

 the skin is harsh and the coat is unhealthy looking. 



Treatment.— Give good, clean, and mitritious food. Administer 

 iodine in 2-dram doses twice a day and diminish quantity as the 

 thirst is lessened and the urine is diminished. 



RETENTION OF THE URINE. 



An inability, total or partial, to expel by natural effort the 

 urine contained in the bladder. It is caused by spasm of the neck 

 of the bladder, and is often a complication of colic. 



Symptoms. — Frequent and ineffectual attempts to urinate; if 

 standing the animal will stretch itself out, strain violently, and 

 groan ^dth pain, discharging but a few drops of urine, or none at 

 all: examination per rectum shows the bladder greatly distended, 

 the distension of the bladder being the diagnostic symptom. 



Treatment.— P?iss the catheter and draw off the urine. If re- 

 tention of urine is due to an accumulation of dirt in the penis it 

 must be removed by washing. A horse will normally pass from 

 4 to 6 quarts of urine every twenty-four hours. 



Diseases of the Nervous System. 

 congestion of the brain — megrims. 



This disease is caused by an accumulation of blood in the vessels 

 of the brain, due to some obstacle to its return to the veins. 



Causes.— J^isesise of the heart, excessive exertion, the influence 

 of extreme heat, sudden and great excitement, artificial stimu- 

 lants, by any mechanical obstruction which prevents the return 

 of blood through the veins to the heart, such as a small ill-fitting 

 collar, which often impedes the blood current, tumors or abscesses 

 pressing on the vein in its course, extreme fat— such animals 



