GG 



The feces are of a normal character, no marked constipation 

 or diarrhea being present. The urine seems to be increased in 

 quantity. 



Urticarial (pimply) eruption is a prominent sjTiiptom. 



Treafinciit.—lso satisfactory treatment has been found, but the 

 administration of arsenic has been followed by good results. 



Prevention is difficult; it should consist in protecting horses 

 and mules from flies. 



TETANUS — LOCKJAW. 



Tetanus is an infectious disease, the specific cause of which is 

 a bacillus (rod-shaped germ) which is very common and appears 

 in the shape of a fine, straight little stick provided with a small 

 head. 



The germ is found in the superficial layer of the earth in gar- 

 dens, around buildings, stables, etc. 



This disease, when present, is always caused by a wound, 

 more esp?cially one produced by a nail puncture. 



The germ will not develop in the presence of oxygen, conse- 

 quently all punctured wounds of the foot should be freely opened 

 to admit of the introduction of air, as well as to allow of 

 thorough cleansing with an antiseptic. A horse with a wound 

 so treated is not very liable to develop tetanus. 



In warm countries, espacially in tropical climates, cases of 

 tetanus are much more frequent than in cold regions. 



Sy nijjtoms. —TetaniG spasms (a spasmodic and continuous con- 

 traction of the muscles) appear, as a rule, in the muscles of the 

 neck and head: from these it extends to the shoulders, trurk, 

 and extremities; or the stiffness may start in the region of the 

 injured organ or member. 



Contraction of the masseter muscles: the inferior maxillary is 

 no longer able to execute the slightest movement, then the pre- 

 hension and mastication of food become difficult or quite impos- 

 sible. This inability to open the jaws has caused this disease to 

 be given the name of lockjaw. 



Contraction of the great posterior muscle of the eye causes a 



retraction of this organ within the orbit (orbital fossa), and a 



protrusion of the membrana nictitans (haw) upon the eyeball. 



The animal is very stiff, holds his head in an extended position 



as if suffering from a sore throat; the tail is elevated and the 



