1855. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



159 



July last, being their first calves, in October, li'good healthy plant in the hill sufGoient, as it will 

 lbs. of butter each per day; they were fed on j produce larger squashes. "When tlie plants be- 

 grass and i bushel of roots each, per day. In Sep-[gin to cover the ground, cut oflf all the runners 

 tember, I sold a heifer four years old, whii-hj from the main vine except the one nearest the 

 weight d 1080 lbs., dressed. She was | Durham, j root, as these will set first and produce the best. 

 and { native, and gave milk during the winterjNot more than one or two squashes should be al- 

 previous. This animal never ate a particle of, lowed to grow on a vine, fcsoap suds or liquid 

 meal after she was a calf. She was fed on grass; manure is good for tlicm while 2rowin£r. bein2 



carelul not to apply it too stronjj 

 leaves. — Country Gentleman. 



the 



For the New England Farmer. 



SETTING OUT FRUIT TREES. 



There is little dilfercnce of opinion among 



alone, with the exception of a few corn stocks, 

 during t'le excessive drought in August. She was 

 reared in the ordinary way, and was not an ex- 

 ception to our stock in general, possessing the 

 same blood. Her weight on the loth of June 

 last, was 1200 lbs., and on the 15th of Septem- 

 ber she weighed 1560 lbs., having gained 360 lbs. 



in three months. This cow was a granddaughter; nurserymen and fruit growers in regard to cer^ 

 of Mr Lothrop's bull "North American," (4253) I tain iuiportant facts connected with the trans- 

 Lnghsh Herd Book. A valuable acquisition has i planting of trees. All agree that young trees 

 been made to the herd of this gentleman in the ^ should be taken up carefully, as many roots re- 

 bull "Kirkieavington" 1st, (11640) which is a tru-!tained as possible, and that the roots be kept 

 ly noble animal, possessing great vigor and fine {moist until placed again in the ground. All 

 symmetry,andwillproveofgreatbenefittoallwho agree, likewise, that, in setting out the trees, 

 avail themselves of his services. This superb ani-! great care should be taken to pulverize the soil 

 malwas sired by Duke of Wellington, (3654,) i and bring it directly in contact with every por- 

 whowasout of Oxford premium cow by Short- , tion of the roots. But when it comes to the 

 tail (2624)— his dam. Lady Barrington 3d, out of question of the proper time for transplanting 

 Lady Barrington 2d, by Cleveland Ladd, (3407,) trees, there is some difi"erence of opinion. One 

 and hence to trace his pedigree one step further, nurseryman will tell you that all seed fruit 



his blood is 



i Short-tail out of Duchess (32) by Belvidere (1T06.) 

 i cow Oxford, out of Matchem cow l>y Duke of Cleveland (1937.) 

 i Lady Barrington (11) out of Lady Barrington by Belvi<iere (1706. ' 

 i Cleveland Ladd (3407) out of Matchem cow by Short-tail (2621.) 



It will then be seen that he is full in the best 

 blood of the herd of the late Thomas Bates, of 

 Kirkleavington, England, as any bull in this 

 country, except two or three whose dams were 

 Duchess cows, and imported at a cost of more 

 than five thousand dollars each. B. Sumner. 



Woodstock, Ct. 



CULTIVATION OF SQUASHES. 



John McKee, of Bristol, Yt., who raised the 

 large squashes mentioned in the last volume of 

 the Country Gentlanan, page 330, has kindly 

 furnished us with his method of cultivation, as 

 follows : 



As soon as the ground is warm enough to in- 

 sure quick germination, I dig, on a southern ex- 

 posure, holes two feet deep, and two feet apart 

 each way, excluding the bottom soil and retain- 

 ing the top. The holes should be filled within 

 ten inches of the top with M-ell-rotted hog or sta- 

 ble manure ; the former I prefer. The, holes 

 should then l)e filled up with the top soil taken 

 out, and be allowed to remain three or four days 

 till th(' hills are thoroughly warmed before plant- 



(apples, pears and quinces,) should be trans- 

 planted in the fall, and all stone fruit (peaches, 

 plums, cherries, &e.,) in the Spring. Another 

 will tell you that all i'ruit should be transplanted 

 in the fall, and another is quite as earnest in the 

 belief that spring is the best time. So many cir- 

 cumstances of season, of soil, of climate, and of 

 subsequent treatment, enter into tlie culture of 

 fruit trees, that these conflicting views are scarcely 

 to be wondered at. Nevertheless, the w. iter of 

 this believes that the great preponderance of testi- 

 mony will be found in favor oi fall transplanting 

 for all kinds of fruit trees. No good reason has 

 yet been given why stone fruit sliould be affected 

 differently from seed fruit, by fall trans2>lanting. 

 It may be that the peach, which is scarcely hardy 

 enough for some of our winters, is injured some- 

 times l)y the harder freezing of the ground where 

 it has been disturbed in the fall ; but the easy 

 remedy for this is the covering of the roots with 

 a greater depth of earth than is intended shall 

 remain upon them, thereby shielding them from 

 the too greater severity of the frost, (a.) In 

 fact, it will be found much to the advantage of 

 all trees transplanted in the fall, to heap around 

 them a mound of earth which will bi' suflicicnt 

 to turn off the water occasioned by melting snow, 

 and to keep the wind and frost from displacing 

 them. 



It is customary with some farmers to stock 



ing the S(>ed. Care should lie taken to plant the 



seeds at the proper depth to insure their comingidown their young orchards with grass the first, 

 up — in a warm, dry soil, from two to three inches; j second, or third year after tlie trees are set out, 

 in a cold, wet soil from one to two inches deep. and let them take their chance with the browsing 

 As soon as the plants appear above the sur-| of cattle in winter. ^loney thus invested is worse 

 fsice, place four bricks, blocks of wood or a small I than tlirown away. Trees, especially on our old 

 box large enough to place a pane of glass upon ; lands, will not grow with the roots bound down 

 tliis will force them ah)ng rapidly, and protect: under a crop of grass! {b.) The frequent stirring 

 them from the depredations of the bugs, &c.lof the soil is absolutely essential to tlie growth 

 They should be watered once a day, till large and development of the tree. There are very few 



enougli to dispense with a covering, t)eing care- 

 ful not to apply cold spring water, or at a time 

 when the sun shines upon them. Morning or 

 evening should be set apart for this. I think one 



soils so poor that they will not grow fruit trees, 

 if kept well stirred up with the plow, the culti- 

 vator, or the hoe. In fact, those who have been 

 most successfi 1 in the cultivation of fruit for 



