1855. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



185 



garded as a quite sure crop. He considered them 

 the most profitable crop in proportion to the ex- 

 pense of growing them for feeding stock. He 

 thought it a good plan to cut the grass early in 

 the season, then plow with the Michigan plow, 

 put on twenty or thirty loads of compost, and 

 then plant turnips. This would put the land in 

 excellent condition for carrots the next year. 

 The latter he considered as certain and profitable 

 as any crop he ever raised. 



Mr. CopELAND, the Chairman, corrected a state- 

 ment of Mr. Fay in regard to corn, potatoes, bar- 

 ley, &c., each taking different ingredients from 

 the soil. Chemical analysis shows that these 

 crops all take about the same matters from the 

 earth, although not the same quantities. In re- 



gard to the drouth affecting root crops his obser- 

 vation, during considerable travel last season, 

 showed that they bore the severe drouth better 

 than any other crops. He also remarked to Mr. 

 Emerson that ashes applied to the roughest pas- 

 ture lands will bring in white clover. 



Mr. Flint, Secretary of the IJoard of Agricul- 

 ture, remarked that as a general rule the rotation 

 of crops in this country should ho much shorter 

 than that in England, as it is with us the desired 

 object to keep the grass lands in the best condi- 

 tion. It should also be adapted to different kinds 

 of soil, as one system will not do for all. 



The subject for the next meeting is The Culti- 

 vation of Fruit and Forest Trees. 



OSWEGO BEURRE AND BEURRE DIEL PEARS. 



7 



a 



^ • 5 .' 



\ 



Oswego Beurre, Read^s Seedling. 

 {Dotted Outline.) — Rather large ; 

 oval-obovate ; greenish-yellow, mot- 

 tled with russet ; stem short and 

 stout, in a deep cavity ; shallow ba- 

 sin ; flesh tender, melting, juicy, of 

 a brisk saccharine, and slightly acid 

 flavor. November to mid-winter. — 

 Vigorous, and a prodigious and con- 

 stant bearer. Newly introduced, but 

 promises to be one of the most pro- 

 tiitable. Raised by Mr.Walter Read, 

 Oswego, N. Y. 



Beurre Diel. {Larger Outline.) — Large ; ob- 

 tuse-pyriform to obovate ; lemon or orange-yel- 

 low, marbled with russet, large bro\vn dots; stem 

 rather long, stout, in an uneven cavity ; flesh 

 whitish, rather coarse, half melting, rich, sugary 

 and delicious. When perfect, is first rate, but 

 often insipid or astringent, being difficult to ri- 

 pen. Rather apt to crack. It requires a warm 

 location, high culture and warm season in the 

 North. More certain in the Middle States and in 

 the West. Best on quince. Foreign. 



What does it cost to Fence? — Tlie amount 

 of capital employed in the construction and repair 

 of the wooden fences in the United States, would 

 be deemed fobulous, were not the estimates founded 

 on statistical facts, which admit of no dispute. 

 Burknap, a well known agricultural writer, says ; 

 "Strange as it may seem, the greatest investment 

 in this country, the most costly production of 

 hunuin industry, is the common fences, which di- 

 vide the fields from the highways, and separate them 

 from each other. No mau dreams that when com- 



