1855, 



NEW ENGLAND FAEMER. 



193 



six inches, (b.) As a consequence, the buds on 

 this remaining portion, receiving all the sap, make 

 a vigorous growth. The upper one must be con- 

 certed into a leader, by pinching oflF early the 

 tips of the others, beginning first with the upper 

 Dues, which will be the strongest, and gradually 

 iescending, as the season advances, to the lower 

 jnes, which should be left the longest in order to 

 ;ive them the most strength, (fig. c.) Six inches 

 )f naked stem below the branches should be left, 

 3y rubbing off all shoots below ; and if in a re- 

 gion liable to deep snows, this space should be a 

 oot, to prevent splitting off tlie limbs by the 

 iveight of the snow, and for which object the tree 

 ihould not bo cut down lower than eighteen 

 nchee at the close of the first season. The 

 )runing after the second year's growth, consists 

 u cutting down again the leader for a second 

 Top of side shoots ; and these side shoots, and 

 he new leader, are to be treated precisely as 

 hose below were treated the year before. At 

 he same time, the last year's side shoots, on the 

 3wer part, are to be cut back, (the longest at the 

 ottom, so as to give a pyramidal form,) in order 

 3 insure the growth of the buds upon them. 

 The new side shoots thus 

 caused, are to be pinched 

 off so as to convert them 

 into fruit spurs, except one 

 shoot left on each as a 

 leader, and another, if need- 

 ed, to till up the space made 

 by the widening limbs. 

 The pyramid may now be 

 said to have been fairly 

 formed ; and it is only re- 

 quisite to continue and 

 prolong the same process 

 for successive years. Fig- 

 ure d. represents a four 

 year pyramid three times 

 (.-Four-year pyramid. F^ned, each section being 

 shown at the figures 1, 2, 3, 

 id the cross lines indicating the place for the 

 urth pruning. Fig. e. represents a perfectly 

 •uned pyramid in bearino-. 

 After the tree has attained sufficient size, its 

 rther extension is prevented by pruning back 

 e shoots. If the fruit spurs become too nu- 

 erous, a part of them are to be pruned closely 

 It, so as to give an even and not crowded crop, 

 hen spurs become too old, they may be mostly 

 moved for new ones to spring from their bases. 

 Some varieties of the pear throw out side 

 oots spontaneously the first year. Such trees 

 ly be treated in a manner not unlike the or- 

 aary two-year pyramid. On the contrary, such 

 rts as have small or flat buds, may need a more 

 rere cutting back than others, in order to 

 ouse the buds into action and induce them to 

 eak into shoot's. 



Throughout the whole process of pruning and 

 lining pyi-amids, as w^ell as every otiier tree, 

 e frequent error of allowing the shoots and 

 inches to become too thick and to crowd each 

 tier, should be carefully avoided. The size and 

 auty of the fruit, and its perfection in richness 

 d flavor, where there is plenty of room for the 

 il, vigorous, and healthy development of the 

 WES u-htr/i supphj „n the malerinl for the f/row- 

 7 fruif, will repay well the labor required for 

 Ls excellent result. 



Horizontal traininfj is effected by carrying out 

 branches to the right and left of the main stem, 

 and is sometimes exceedingly beautiful and con- 

 venient on the borders of walks, on a fence or 

 the side of a building. 



All persons intending to cultivate the pear, 

 even if on a limited scale, will be well paid for 

 the trouble by visiting the gaidens of those who 

 have had experience, and looking at the forms of 

 the trees and learning the modes of management 

 by others. As much may be gained by observa- 

 tion, perhaps more, than in any other Avay. 



Below we give a list selected by Col. Wilder, 

 and another by Mr. Jaques, of AVorcester, both 

 distinguished for their success in pear culture. 



Col. Wilder's Lut. 



PEARS. 



For three varieties : 

 Bartlett, 



Vicar of Wiiikfield, 

 Uc'urre <rArcmbtTj,'. 



For six varieties, add, 

 Bloodjfood, 



Louise lionno de JtTSey, 

 Golden Beurrc of Jiilboa. 



For twelve varieties, add, 

 Andrews, 

 lielle Lucrative, 

 Seckle, 



Flemisli IJoaiity, 

 VrbaniaU', 

 Glout Morccau. 



George Jaqxies' List. 



PKAUS ON QUINCK. 



NA.ME. TLMK OF RIPK^UXO. 



1. Beurrc d'Amalis September. 



2. Louise Bonne de Jersey Sept. and Oct. 



3. Urbaniste Oct. to Nov. 



4. Duchesse d'Angoulenic November. 



5. Beurre Diel Nov. and Dec. 



6. Glout Morceau Dec. and Jan. 



PEARS ON PEAR ROOTS. 



1. Rostiezer Aup. and Sept. 



2. Bartlett September, (early.) 



