No. 4. Horn-Ail — Pruning Raspberries. — European Farming. 117 



ing from this disorder, one or two quarts of 

 blood, according to the size of the animal, 

 are to be drawn immediately from a neck- 

 vein ; liien two table-spoonsful of the follow- 

 ing powder are to be given three times every 

 day, the powder being previously dissolved 

 in a pint of lukewarm water; this is to be 

 continued until the animal recovers. 



Glauber's Salt 6 ounces. 



Cream of 'I'artar 2 



Purified Saltpetre 2 " 



Powdered root of Altheae . ■ \\ " 



It is necessary besides, to rub the animal 

 frequently during the disease, principally 

 on the back. But if the animal should be 

 costive, either of the following clysters is to 

 be given : 



Take a handful of camomile flowers, two 

 handsful of flaxseed; boil them in two quarts 

 of water, strain them, and add eight ounces 

 of linseed oil and three table-spoonsful of 

 common salt. This clyster is to be applied 

 by the means of a syringe. 



Should these articles not be at hand, take 

 one quart of wheat bran, pour two quarts of 

 boiling water on it, strain, and add eight 

 ounces of flaxseed oil and two ounces of com- 

 mon salt. This clyster is to be lukewarm 

 when applied to the rectum, or straight-gut, 

 by the means of a syringe or a fit funnel. 



N. B. The above cure is described in a 

 Bmall work, published by me last year, in the 

 English and German languages, entitled, "A 

 short General Adviser in the most common 

 Diseases of Horses and Cattle, &c." — which 

 may be obtained at the corner of Callowhill 

 and Second streets, Philad'a., price 50 cts. 

 Joseph Fiehrer, 

 Veterinary Surgeon. 



Harrisburg, Oct. 6, 1841. 



Pruning Raspberries. 



Raspberries should be pruned in autumn 

 or the early part of winter, shortening them 

 to the height of about four feet, and then 

 tyeing them to stakes. By pruning down to 

 the height of about four feet, according to 

 the strength of the stem, it has fewer branches 

 to support in the following season, and all the 

 nourishment from the root being turned into 

 these, they grow more vigorously and pro- 

 duce larger fruit with finer flavour : not 

 more than four stems should be retained for 

 each root, sufficiently wide apart to admit the 

 air, and to be kept clear of weeds. 



Integrity is of known influence in socie- 

 ty ; it is a virtue so obviously beneficial to 

 mankind, that no one can help seeing and 

 admitting its excellence: the power of an 

 honest character has grown into a proverb. 



European Farming. 



I THINK that the superiority to be observed 

 in British and Flemish agriculture is to be 

 attributed to the nice adaptation of crops — 

 the perfect system that prevails in every de- 

 partment — the free outlay for manures to in- 

 vigorate the soil — the patience that never 

 tires in the completion of a task once under- 

 taken, and the industry that in no kind of 

 weather, at no season of the year, fails to re- 

 member and perform its tasks and duties. 



England is remarkable for confining to cer- 

 tain districts, the productions which flourish 

 best in those soils. Thus the light sands of 

 Norfolk are best adapted to turnips, fed off 

 and followed by barley and clover ; therefore 

 in that country the rotation of turnips, barley 

 and clover prevails. It was by this course 

 that Mr. Coke (Earl of Leicester,) reclaimed 

 from perfect barrenness his splendid estate at 

 Holkham. Warwickshire is famous for beans 

 as a first course, followed by wheat, Lan- 

 cashire for potatoes as a first crop, wheat and 

 timothy following. 



Not less perfect is the system : each one 

 has his part and his duties assigned to him — 

 he is there at all times, and in all weathers, 

 and he stipulates to be only there. And this 

 system pervades all things on the farm. 



Upon a farm in Surrey, where I spent six 

 pleasant and agreeable months, I had oppor- 

 tunity to see the use and the profits of sys- 

 tematic farming. It was a hay farm, of less 

 than two hundred acres — the rent paid, about 

 $2000. The whole farm, except the garden, 

 was mowed. After the hay was taken care 

 of, the fields were all shut up until there was 

 a good feed upon them. Then Mr. R. went 

 to the nearest fair and purchased large beeves 

 nearly fat. In these fresh, luxuriant pastures, 

 where the grass grew almost fast enough to 

 render not fabulous Sir Boyle Roche's story 

 of the kite thrown into an Irish meadow over 

 night, hidden by the grass next morning, the 

 beeves became in a very short time fit for 

 Smithfield or Old Leaden-hall. After a few 

 days' rest, the fair was resorted to for a se- 

 cond drove of cattle of smaller size, but in 

 good flesh, which soon shared the lot of all 

 fat oxen, and became the roast beef of old 

 England. The fields were no longer in a 

 condition to make beef, and therefore were 

 to furnish the predicament "nearly fat" to 

 take the " first bite" in some unfed meadow. 

 The fourth course was a herd of small Welsh 

 cattle to be merely improved. Fifth and last- 

 ly came sheep to be kept till the meadows 

 began to start in the spring, when they were 

 sold, and the meadows shut up. 



To recruit this farm, the carts which took 

 the hay to market returned laden with ma- 

 nures to be used as a top-dressing. When 



