NO. 3. 



THE FARMKRS' CABINET. 



39 



turers, when the peace of 1815 admitted the 

 free entrance to France of colonial sugar. — 

 Important discoveries, among others, ttmt of 

 Mr. Taylor, for boiling sugar by steam, were 

 made in the proccs.-;, and the number of manu- 

 factories gradually increased, so that, in 

 1829, there were at least one hundred, from 

 which were produced yearly, .5,000 tons of 

 FU^i^ar, worth $266 per ton, or $1,:530,000; 

 the prolit of wiiich, Mr. Taylor cstmiales at 

 $96 GO an acre; but he adds, "1 am con- 

 vinced the process may be so far improved, 

 that sugar will be made in France from the 

 beet root at 30/. per ton, which will increase 

 the profit to 24/. an acre." After shovvmg 

 that the beet root succeeded best in the north- 

 ern departments of France, and that, of 

 course, it can be grown as well in England 

 as on the Continent, he concludes, that though 

 the price of land and labor, be much lower in 

 France than in England, yet that the balance 

 of skill in favor ef the latter country, places 

 it on a par with France, in point of the pro- 

 fits to be obtained from making sugar from 

 beets. He adds, " with respect to price of 

 produce, the advantage will probably be in 

 favor of the English farmer ; for although the 

 price of sugar is about equal in both countries, 

 yet it is not sugar alone that is produced 

 from the beet root which is cultivated: the 

 pulp of the root, after the juice is ])ressed out, 

 is e.xcellent food for both bullocks ^nd sheep, 

 and I have seen beasts which have been 

 bought in at 51. per head, fattened upon it 

 and sent to market in three months, and sold 

 for 11/. 



The value and importance of this part of 

 the business will be duly estimated, when it 

 is known that the pulp from each acre of 

 beet root, will fatten a bullock, and that the 

 farmer will have as much manure for his 

 other crops, as if he had grown turneps on 

 the same land; and, of course, the same rota- 

 tion of crops may be continued as is now 

 found most benefical. During the time of 

 Bonaparte, the produce of sugar was about 

 three per cent, on the root ; now, as much as 

 five per cent, is generally obtained ; and as 

 the beet i-oot actually contains eight per cent. 

 I think I have good ground for saying, that 

 the process admits of further improvement. 

 Mr. Philip Taylor, an English gentleman, 

 residing in Paris, is the inventor of the mode 

 of boilmg sugar by steam, for which he took 

 out a patent in 1817. 



A late French publication on this subject 

 says that the manufacturer buys his beets of 

 the farmer at 10 francs for 1,000 kilogram- 

 mes. A killogramme is2 1-5 lbs. averdupois; 

 1000 kilogrammes weigh 2,200 lbs. aver- 

 dupois. 



Beets, by actual analysis, contain 10 per 

 cent, of saccharine matter. The manufacturer 



obtains 6 per cent, for good brown sugar — he 

 lives in expectancy, by future improvements, " 

 of 8 per cent, or more. 1,000 kilogrammes 

 produce him 1-Gth, or GO kilogrammes of 

 marketable brown sugar, ccjual to 132 lbs. 

 averdupois. Tlie manufacture of 1,000 kilo- 

 grammes costs 12 francs; from which deduct 

 3, being the value of the residue as food for 

 cattle. Hence 132 pounds of saleable sugar 

 can be obtained by the manufacturer, at the 

 expense of 2.j francs. A franc may be con- 

 sidered at 20 cents, and as there are 20 sous 

 in a franc, a sou is one cent, or one halfpen- 

 ny sterling. The French writers say that it 

 costs 5 sous per French pound ; which Kelly 

 in his Cambist, states at 75G1 grains, and also 

 at 7717 grains. This calculation brings the 

 cost of marketable brown sugar to about 4i 

 cents per pound averdupoi.s. 



The beets in this country, particularly the 

 north part of Pennsylvania, are most luxu- 

 riant. In France their yield per arpent, 

 which is 1-GOth more than our acre, is an 

 average of 15 tons per acre at most. The 

 white or Silerian Beet ("Beta Alba") — the 

 sugar beet of France — has been raised within 

 7 miles of Philadelphia, and produced much 

 over this. ^Villiam Audenried, Esq. of iSchuyl- 

 kill county, Pennsylvania, has raised on hi3 

 farm, of this beet, the enormous quantity of 

 62i tons to the acre. We are informed by 

 others, who are growing the seed which has 

 been imported and distributed so extensively 

 through the country by the " Beet Sugar So- 

 ciety," that they are in expectancy of pro- 

 ducing a yield equal to the above. 



Judge BuEL says, the fact seems to be this, 

 that beet sugar, equal to our double refined 

 loaf, which now sells in the market at 18 and 

 20 cents per pound, can be profitably sold in 

 France, by the producer, at nine cents per 

 pound, or at half the price of cane sugar. It 

 follows as a matter of course, for bating the 

 dilference in labor, we can produce it here 

 as cheap as they can in France, that the cul- 

 ture of the beet, and the manufacture of beet 

 sugar, can be rendered a profitable business 

 in this country. 'Our soil and climate are 

 well adapted to the beet; and in the interior, 

 in particular, where tiie price of foreign sugar 

 is enhanced by the charges of transportation, 

 beet sugar must erelong be among the staple 

 products. As an offset to the dilTerence in la- 

 bor, we have an advantage in the cheapness 

 of land. — Chaptal's estimates are predicated 

 on a rent of 40 francs (7 dollars 60 cents) 

 per acre. 



Chaptal states his average product in beet 

 roots at 40,000 pounds the hectare (which is 

 2 acres, 2 rood, 3.5 perches, English ;) that in 

 his establishment he operated upon 10,000 

 pounds in a day ; that this quantity (10,000 

 lbs. roots-) produced, of 



