KO. 9. 



TUB FARMERS' CABINET. 



ISS 



four horses, which cost 50 dollars, and will 



thrash 300 bushels a day, also those intended 



I for hand power, which cost but 20 dollars. 



I Passinjj from the thrashing machine, the 



I wheat and husks were placed in one of W. 



j P. Bean's winnowing machines, the construc- 



I tion of which is very compact and simple, 



I and which separates the wheat from the other 



in an astonishingly rapid style. We were not 



enabled to learn the [)rice of this machine, 



or who it is sold by. but believe it to be a most 



excellent accompaniment to the other. 



From here the wheat was placed in one of 

 the Patent Premium Mills of Mr. L. Jack- 

 son, No. 41 Dominick street, and 115 Front 

 street, the cost of which, for one horse power, 

 is but 100 dollars, and wliicli will grind 20 

 to 25 bushels per day, equal to any flouring 

 mill in the country, or those for four horse 

 power, will grind 75 to 100 bushels per day. 

 This mill can also be guaged to hull Rice, 

 and is very portable and compact. 



The Flour thus manufactured, (and it ap- 

 peared to be of excellent quality,) was then 

 placed in a patent kneading and moulding 

 machine, the proprietor of which we do not 

 ri member, although we intended to have 

 noticed particularly, and formed into bread 

 ready for the oven. 



Thus, instead of the old and wasteful prin- 

 ciple of thrashing by the hand, and transport- 

 ing to the mill and back, thence to market, a 

 farmer, at an expense of 250 or :J0O dollars, 

 can have a thrashing and winnowing machine 

 and perfect mill on his own premises, in his 

 own barn, and worked at his leisure, by his 

 own horse. His own family or two or three 

 hired men attending them. 



But this is not all. We know that there 

 are machines for .imving grain, but none ap- 

 peared at the exhibition. An invention, how- 

 ever, for cutting down grain and mowing, 

 which appears to be one of the most valuable 

 inventions of the age, was presented. It is 

 the production of Mr. Alexander Wilson, 

 and seems perfectly well adapted for what it 

 is intended. It is a carriage, standing on 

 light, large, broad rimmed wheels, w-ith a 

 large cylender or trough in front, the lower 

 outer surface of which is near the ground, 

 and contains several knives, somewhat in the 

 ■form of teeth, each being about a foot long 

 and three inches broad at the extremity,which 

 revolves or sweeps in the manner of the 

 scythe, and is propelled by the turn of the 

 wheels, — the machinery being so placed as 

 to cause that effect. The knives pass a whet- 

 stone as they revolve, and are continually kept 

 8harp. 



The machine is driven by a horse, in the 

 same manner that a handcart is pushed for- 

 ward, the horse being tackled with his head 

 towards the wheels, and drawing upon the 



cro.ss-piece or handle behind him. The car- 

 riage can be turned round any object, such 

 as a rock or tree, and made to cut clean and 

 with perfect ease. Mr. Wilson slates that 

 he cut a hundred tons of hay with this ma- 

 chine last Kuminer. This we repeat, is an 

 invaluable invention, and will save many 

 tliousand dollars worth of hay and grain that 

 are now left to rot where they grow, for 

 want of suilicient hands or means to secure 

 them. There are also new Inventions for 

 threshing Clover .Seed, cutting potatoes for 

 feed, shelling corn, cutting straw, churning 

 butter, &c. 



Ft&rnti Buildings. 



[i Oi.ili.ilcd.] 



I^coiiomy of feeding Stock. 



There are so many collateral subjects con- 

 nected with the barn and other out-building» 

 of a farm, that it is hardly possible to give 

 an essay on this subject, witliout discussing 

 the different methods and economy of feeding 

 stock, with the preparation of the food, 

 preservation of manures, &.c. &c. But as 

 the principle of feeding is the same in all 

 kinds of neat cattle and horses, it will apply 

 to all cases. In the first place, I hold that 

 there is no straw, corn, fodder or grass cut 

 on a farm, with the exception, perhaps, of the 

 straw of peas, beans and buckwheat, but 

 what may be consumed asfnod; therefore all 

 reasonable pains should be taken to secure 

 them in good order, and have them well 

 stored and sheltered for winter food. How 

 many thousand tons of valuable wheat straw 

 have I annually seen in our wheat counties 

 thrown out from the threshino- mills, and 

 piled up year after year to rot and taint the 

 atmosphere with its offensiveness, when it 

 might all be made into the best of food for 

 cattle, by being housed and chopped, with 

 trifling labor ! It appears with many farmers 

 to be a matter of no sort of consequence w/<o 

 feeds the stock, or how they are fed, provided 

 they are only fed at all ; not considering that 

 there is equal economy in expending the food 

 as in securing it. Look at the season of hay- 

 ing and harvest amontr our farmers. What 

 preparation for toil and incessant labor, in- 

 crease of help, high wages, &c. &c. Up by 

 day-break in the morning, and at work, and 

 no rest till dark. It is the extraordinary 

 season of the farmer, when every thing is 

 sacrificed, even the Sabbath, oftentimes, to 

 toil, and no cessation till it is all over. But 

 when the winter comes on, this invaluable 

 food, collected at so much cost and toil, is ex- 

 pended with a heedlessness and prodigality 

 unaccountable to any rational or thinking 

 mind. My own method of feeding is to cut 

 every kind of straw, and even the coarse rnirski 



