No. 3. 



Make your Hogs ivork. 



43 



mentioned, by experienced farmers, as tlie 

 most safe ; but there have been instances of 

 its being too early on account of the fly, and 

 at other seasons too late on account of the 

 winter. We may now, however, guard 

 against the fall deposit, by observing the state 

 of the insect, and sowing accordingly; and 

 should the wheat be sufficiently rooted before 

 winter sets in, I presume the spring deposit 

 need not be dreaded, where the ground is 

 well manured, and the season favorable : for 

 although it will certainly destroy the branch 

 upon which it is lodged, yet, the root being 

 strong, it will throw up other branches suffi- 

 cient to insure a good crop : nevertheless, we 

 may be disappointed in our calculations, by 

 an early or severe winter, and thereby sus- 

 tain more damage than we should have done 

 by the fly if sown earlier ; besides, should the 

 wheat not be well rooted when the spring 

 deposit is made, it will undoubtedly be seri- 

 ously injured. Under all these circumstances, 

 I am clearly of opinion, that it would be bestj 

 to sow the grain as early as possible, not later 

 than the first of September, and immediately | 

 on the fly completing its deposit of eggs, | 

 (which can easily be known by proper atten- j 

 tion,) turn in sheep or cattle sufficient to pas-i 

 lure it close in the course of a week or ten 

 days: if the deposit should not be made be- 

 fore October, (as was the case last season,) 

 the grain will not be injured by pasturing; 

 the cattle, or whatever may be turned in, 

 will be benefitted ; and the roots of the plants 

 will then have attained strength to resist the 

 attack of the fly, in case pasturing should 

 prove ineffectual. I can now show roots in 

 the stubble field, that have completely re- 

 sisted the attack, even where a great number 

 of the larvBB are lodged. If it should so hap- 

 pen that It will be imprudent to pasture, and 

 the ground is not too rough or stony, 1 would 

 suggest the propriety of rolling, commencing 

 as soon as the eggs are hatched, as the cater- 

 pillar is then in a tender state, and while on 

 the leaf or upper part of the stalk might be 

 easily crushed. As a further precaution, I 

 would think it advisable not to sow near a 

 stubble field ; but where it cannot be avoided, 

 perhaps sowing rye on that side might have 

 some tendency to preserve the wheat. I con- 

 ceive it an error to say that any kind of wheat 

 is of that vigorous growth, that the stem will 

 resist the fty ; if the fly attacks it at all, it is 

 the root that must be depended on, and it is 

 idle to suppose that sowing oats with wheat 

 (as recommended by some writers,) can have 

 any good effect. This is fully proven by the 

 practice of sowing wheat on oats stubble ; 

 the usual complaint is '* too much oats," with- 

 out in the least degree preserving the wheat; 

 besides, I have during the past season, care- 

 fully examined the oats, and did not discover 



a single instance of deposit amongst it. The 

 fly is remarkably sagacious in d'epositing its 

 progeny, its eggs being exactly fitted to the 

 gutter of the leaf of the plant, where it is 

 very securely lodged. I, therefore, infer, 

 that it there is a kind of wheat which the in- 

 sect avoids, it must be on account of its leaf 

 being smooth, and not offering a place of 

 safety. I do not know that there is any such 

 kind, but 1 think it deserves examination. I 

 shall consider it my duty to endeavor to trace 

 the insect and its eftiscts throughout the 

 whole year, and should any thing ^rther ap- 

 pear worth communicating, you may expect 

 to hear from me. 



Yours, very respectfully, 



James Worth. 



R. Vaux, Esq., Sec. to the Phila. ) 

 Soc. for promoting Agriculture, j 



For llieFarmers' Cabinet. 



make yoHr Hogs work. 



Much has been said in the agricultural 

 publications of the day, and especially in the 

 New England Farmer, on the subject of ma- 

 nure. It is one that claims the attention of 

 every farmer— of every one especially wbo 

 would excel in the honorable art of husband- 

 ry. It may not be amiss at this season, to 

 recapitulate some of the observations on this 

 point, contained in the work referred to. A 

 highly valuable manure, with a little atten- 

 tion, may be obtained from swine— the fol- 

 lowing IS the method : "I usually keep and 

 fatten, says the writer, four hogs in a year • 

 these I keep confined in a yard twenty feet 

 square, with a warm and convenient shed 

 attached thereto as a shelter for them durino- 

 the night time, and in cold and stormy wea°- 

 ther." Into this yard he placed the scrapings 

 of ditches, the dirt that is continually in and 

 about buildings— this became mixed with the 

 straw with which they were littered. The 

 whole was cleared out as often as it was 

 judged expedient. The quantity and quality 

 of the manure would be greatly increased, 

 if the pen was supplied with weeds, (an 

 excellent way this of turning these noxious 

 plants to good account,) and in the absence 

 of weeds, which, by the way, is not very 

 common, even on our best cultivated farms, 

 resort may be had to the woods— here the 

 farmer has an abundance of weeds and other 

 rubbish that may be used to great advantao-e. 

 The writer states that he has, in this way,' 

 with four hogs, made from twenty-five to 

 thirty loads of manure in a year; which, in 

 his judgment, answers a more valuable pur- 

 pose than that from the stable or barn-yard. 

 He says, " The last spring I planted a fieldi 

 containing two acres, with corn. One-half of 

 the piece was manured in the hill with ten 



