No. 6. 



Mischievous Bulls — Root Crops. 



93 



Fig. 18. 



The design of this contrivance is to pre- 

 vent accidents from mischievous bulls. 



Fig. 18, in the above cut, represents a front 

 view of the apparatus as fixed to the animal's 

 head. It consists of a straight piece of wood 

 ox iron, (the latter is the preferable material) 

 stretching from horn to horn, perforated at 

 each end so as to pass over the tips, and 

 fastened on them by the usual metal nut. 

 On the centre of this is rivetted a curved bar 

 of iron, bending upwards, which moves 

 easily on the rivet, and has holes at each 

 end, containing the upper round link of a 

 chain. These chains again unite in a strong 

 iron ring, which opens by a hinge and screv/, 

 and passes through the bull's nose. 



Fij 19. 



The effect of this contrivance is as follows: 

 Any person seeing a vicious animal approach 

 may easily avoid him; but if the bull should 

 make a push forward, the curved iron bar 

 will prevent any bad consequences from 

 tossing; and if the beast move in the small- 

 est degree either to t/ie right or to the left, 

 the bar, communicating by the chain with 

 the ring upon his nose, will immediately 

 bring him to check. This lateral operation 

 is delineated in Fi^. 19. 



An additional v.dvantage resulting froiw 

 the use of this invention is, that a beast may 

 be led in any direction, with the smallest 

 power. 



Root Crops. 



Root crops especially, should be placed 

 beyond the danger of injury ; it is belter to 

 take some additional pains than to lose one 

 half the amount by carelessness. Potatoes 

 should be packed away in such a manner 

 that they may keep well, even if the winter 

 should be much severer than common. — 

 Their preservation depends on securing them 

 ixom frost and from moisture. Hence these 

 requisites should be particularly observed, 

 both in placing them in cellars, and in heaps 

 in the open field. 



The best method of preserving ruta baga 

 in open ground, is the following. They are 

 to be placed in long heaps, three or four feet 

 wide, and of any desirable length, in a roof- 

 like form and terminating in a ridge at the 

 top. They are then covered, first with straw, 

 and afterwards with earth. They need not be 

 covered to so great a depth as potatoes re- 

 quire, as they are not so easily injured by 

 frost. But as they are liable without pre- 

 caution to ferment and rot, in large heaps, 

 holes should be made with a crow-bar 

 through the earth into the heap, at intervals 

 of a few feet, to suffer the warm air which 



may be caused, to escape ; and these holes 

 may be partially closed by straw. Where 

 the soil is such that there is no danger from 

 moisture, these heaps may be placed in broad 

 trenches made for the purpose. 



Mangel Wurtzel require nearly the same 

 treatment in preserving as the potato — they 

 are more easily injured by frost than ruta 

 baga, and should consequently be sooner se- 

 cured. As a general rule, they should never 

 be left out later than the latter part of this 

 month. 



A dry, warm cellar, which will admit of 

 some circulation of air, is the most conve- 

 nient place of keeping both mangel wurtzel 

 and ruta baga when they are to be fed out 

 daily during winter. 



PLOUGHING. 



All ground intended for spring crops 

 next season, should be ploughed before 

 winter without fail. Teams are strong in 

 autumn, the weather is cool and favorable 

 for their labor, and the operation greatly as- 

 sists in destroying grass and weeds. The 

 diminished labor in hoeing next season, from 

 this alone, will in many cases compensate 

 for all the expense. 



