146 



Remarks upon Farm Buildings. 



Vol. II. 



him by his head and legs extended ; with a 

 sharp knife make a transverse incision of one 

 and a half inches or more in the side just be- 

 low tlie ribs. Insert the fore finger, and near 

 the middle of the body, at the distance of about 

 three quarters of an inch from the incision, 

 near the spine, will be found the testicles, 

 which may very easily be removed by the 

 thumb and finger ; sew up the orifice and daub 

 a little tar over it to keep off the flies. Care 

 should be taken in cutting through the several 

 integuments lest the viscera be wounded. — 

 Thecock should be about half grown. Not 

 one in a hundred will die if the operation be 

 properly performed. After a fair trial both of 

 the bacon and the capon, should you relish 

 them, I may be induced at some future time 

 to serve you up some other dish, which I only 

 hope may be found as agreeable to your nu- 

 merous readers as was the long and learned 

 dissertation we had some time since upon 

 Hollow Horns. 



With my best wishes, 

 I am respectfully your obt. Serv't 

 ^ J. W. J. ' 



For the FariiK r's Cabinet. 



Reaieirks iti>oii Farm Buildings. 



THE ATMOSPHERE WITHIN A DWELLING HOUSE. 



The objects of importance in a dwelling 

 house area pure and comfortable atmosphere, 

 and so arranged as to procure this, and other 

 necessary comforts for the inmates, with the 

 least possible labor and expense. There ap- 

 pears to be in many houses two grand errors, 

 in regard to the air ; these are the want of 

 uniform purity and temperature, where at- 

 tempts are made to economise, or lessen the 

 usual quantity of fuel ; and it is for the pur- 

 pose of finding a remedy for these, that the 

 following remarks are submitted to the read- 

 ers of the Cabinet, with a request that if any 

 of them know of any better plan, after a trial 

 of this, such will be published through the 

 same channel. The plan is this, viz., sup- 

 pose a ten plate stove, or a Franklin, or in- 

 deed any other stove, with doors to open or 

 close at pleasure, so as to suffer no air to pass 

 up the chimney while the fire is burning, 

 except what passes tlirough the fire ; place 

 this stove with the back, (or part farthest from 

 the door,) next to one of the sides of the 

 apartments intended to be warmed, and with- 

 • in one or two inches of the (outer) wall; but 

 previously to its being so placed, one half or 

 more of the stove is partially surrounded with 

 a kind of casing of sheet iron, made two inches 

 in diameter, or square, greater than tliat 

 of the stove, with a tube three or four inches 

 diameter, (or otiier dimensions,) riveted to 

 the middle ; this tube passes horizontally 

 through the wall to the outside of the build- 



ing, and the side to which it is riveted presses 

 against the inner side of the wall, and the 

 other parts surround one half, or more of the 

 stove, within one inch of it; this casing is 

 supported by the tube which fits closely to 

 the opening in the wall, so as to admit no air 

 into the apartment but such as passes through 

 the tube itself. The stove is supported by 

 three legs, or four; two of them under the 

 front part, or hearth, in the usual manner, 

 and the other one or two pass up through a 

 hole or holes of the same diameter, in the 

 lower side of the casing ; the tube sliould 

 have a valve to turn upon a pivot or fulcrum, 

 at opposite sides of the tube, so as to close it 

 by being placed across at right angles, and 

 thus exclude the air from passing into the 

 apartment around the stove ; but when it is 

 placed (or turned) in a line with the tube, 

 air is admitted freely, in consequence of its 

 being made so thin as to occupy but little of 

 the diameter, or cross section of the tube ; 

 the valve should have an iron rod attached to 

 it by a joint or fulcrum, and extend into the 

 apartment, and so formed as to enable a per- 

 son to confine the valve at pleasure at any 

 position between a right angle and a line par- 

 allel with the tube; the valve should be com- 

 posed of a bad conducter of heat, and possess 

 other suitable properties. The operation is 

 as follows, viz., the fire and fuel are placed 

 in the stove, and the valve opened to any re- 

 quired extent; llie current of air inward 

 through the tube, and casing around the stove 

 increases as the degree of heat increases in 

 the stove; and as this air passes through the 

 casing, it becomes sufficiently heated-, and is 

 as pure, perhaps, as possible for air to be when 

 heated by artificial means, and by placing a 

 tin or iron vessel of water on the stove, suffi- 

 ciently broad and shallow, a degree of hu- 

 midity may be given to the atmosphere of 

 the apartment, equal to that caused by the 

 sun's rays to the atmosphere generally. No 

 air, (except through the said tube) should be- 

 admitted into the apartment. 



In this manner, each apartment of a house 

 may be heated by thus placing a stove in 

 each ; but in the latitude and climate of 

 Pennsylvania, perhaps one stove of proper 

 dimensions, placed in one of the apartments 

 of the first story, above the cellar, would an- 

 swer to warm sufficiently the other apartments 

 of the same story, and that immediately above, 

 of an ordinary sized house, except the kitchen, 

 which should have a cooking stove, supplied 

 with air on the aforesaid principle, but varied 

 to suit the peculiar construction of the stove, 

 a drum from the pipe of tiie cooking stove, 

 where convenient, might assist to warm part 

 of the upper story, but the atmosphere of the 

 kitchen apartment, should be excluded as 

 much as possible, from the other apartments. 



