No. ]. 



yderinarian — JVo. 



259 



acciiimiliitps al)()ve the obhtnictiou. This 

 condition of tliii)j>H i.s productive of bcvcto 

 pain, utid ^Tciit Ibbrilo exoitciiicnt. AhIIk! 

 ur<!t(;r bocomOH dieUMidcxl with tlic iiriiiu, tin; 

 stoni! in ot'txMi liberated, iind oriidiiiilly ninliH 

 lower till it reiieiuiH tli(! l)lu(liler, when the 

 eyniptoins rapidly sid)side. I5nt, the stone 

 may heeoine i<o ini|)ii('t,ed that it cannot niovt; 

 — in which ev(!iit, oiu; of two tliiiiffs, e(iiially 

 fatal nnist happen. — l']itli(;r, ulceration will 

 tnke jjlace at the point o(" obstrncticjii, nnd 

 allow the urine to encapo into the cavity of 

 the Ixdiy — or, the unjter will hurst jroni ov(!r 

 diKti-'iis^ion. The viohuit Hyni|)l()nis may wuh- 

 eiile for ii wiiort time, but the respite is delu- 

 bIvo. — The i)roseiice of the urine;, in the cavi- 

 ty of th(! al)d(jmrn, will speiedily produce peri- 

 toneal inllaiunmtion and destroy the; animal. 

 There are nosi;.,njH whereby tin; presenc(! 

 of a stone in the ureter can l)e ])ositively de- 

 ternrined, diirinj,' the lile of the animal — nor 

 any sptcitil trcntiiifnl. which the case admits 

 of 'J'he [tain and fever may h(! accompariie<l 

 with ilemonstrul inns ofdiseasi; in the urinary 

 or^^iuis, and should be combatt(;(l, on i^rii.iral 

 pritifiiilis, by the UBO of depletory and re- 

 Icxant r(;medieB. 



There are, however, some French veteri- 

 narians, who recomuK.'rid in cases where the 

 Btone in the ureter is KUS|)ected, to pass the 

 hand into the rectum, — feel for the obstriict- 

 iu^ body, and endeavor to press it forward 

 to the bladder. — If the eOort sliouhl ])rove 

 unsuccessful, thciy a^niin propose, io cut 

 through the bowel and ureter, and extract 

 the stone throu^'ii the huuh. — I5(jtli proposi- 

 tions would be Ibutid extr(;mely ddlicultof 

 execution, if not altoifether imitrac-ticalde, 

 and the latter operation, woulil, probably, 

 hasten the fuial catastroph*,', by opening' 

 a direct passajre fitr the urine into the 

 cavity of the abdomen. 



3. Calculus or htonk in iiik iir.ADDi.a. 



A stone may cither originate in the blad- 

 der, or bf! derived from the kidney, in the 

 ina,nner described. — No doubt many stones 

 do [)a.ssoif throui^li the urethra, and are happily 

 disposf.'d of while small. — IJut owinjf jtroba- 

 bly, to a part of the bladder d(;pen{lin</, b(jri- 

 zontiiJly, below the neck of the or^ran, thf^y 

 are sometimes retained until they acMpiire a 

 size whi'^h will no lon;rer permit tluMii to es- 

 cape. — 'I'he animal may then be said to liuvi 

 etone in the bladdcjr. 



( Unfortunately Niich paiicnts cannot render 

 their sulli rin^fs sufficiently intellifrible to 

 enable us to lorm certain conclusions respect 

 infj;' their diseas(;s. 



'i'he si;:rns of stone in the bladder are Huch 

 as stroii<fly indicate an aflijctiori of thr; ui'i- 

 nary a|)paratus — espt'cialiy, durinj^' what is 

 called a Jil (if Lhc ulune — Ibr th« t>ymptoini<i 



vary {rrcatly in intensity. Thero is a fre- 

 (juenl, or almost incessant, straininjj; lo make 

 water, without obtainiufr any, or only very 

 partial n-lic;!', — the little which passes beinj;' 

 often tinjred with blood ; — A sbiv(;rinj;' ol"tlie 

 posterior extremities; fre(|uent chan;.;t' of po- 

 sition, lookinir mourniiilly towards the llauk ; 

 fever comes on, tlu! ap]K;tit,e tails, verunua- 

 tioii ceases, and the nmzzle and mouth be- 

 comes dry and hot. — 'J'heseare the jin sn/iifi- 

 livt; si^iiN of stone in some part of the uri- 

 nary orjrans, but they are not coiirlii.sivu. 

 The hand nuist now be introduced into the 

 rectum. Tiie bladder will be easily fell, 

 iorminfj a roimd, elastic tmnor within tin; 

 |)('lvis. — IJy jir(;nl,le pr(!ssur(!, the conti'iits of 

 th(! bladder will, {)-en<!ra,lly, be (liscba,ri^(;d, 

 and if a s. aie exists tiuirein, it can lie fell, 

 and its sizedet^ermined. 



Iftheaimimal is not in beelln^r order, or, 

 is too much djseas(;d to he used in that way, 

 th(! ope'ra lion for reniovin^f the stone should 

 be perfiirmed. 



liaviuji' thrown and |irop(Mly secured the 

 aniiual, the operator will cut down upon the 

 urethra, where it passes round the bone of th(i 

 |)elvis, below the anus. — |{y cautiously usin;;' 

 the knife, he will easily enter the lU'ethra. — 

 A straijrht {grooved dir(!ct.ory, is then to l)e 

 carried into the bladder, and the jioint of a 

 prob(;-[)ointt;d bistoury, or other convenient 

 instrument, carriiul aloiif^ thu jjrocjve — cut- 

 tin:,^ u|)wardH and outwards, to one side of 

 lh(! anus, until the neck of the bladiitu' i.s 

 sulliciently divided lo pernut the extraction 

 of the stone, which should he doni; with 

 forceps constructed l()r the- |)ur|)ose. — Or, the 

 ri^ht hand may Ix; carriful within t.lie anus, 

 while two litiffcrs of the other band are |)liic(jd 

 in llu! bladder. — 'I'hus situated, the ri;;^ht 

 hand will dirf^ct tlu; stone betvvecm the two 

 I fm^rers in the bladder, which serve- t,o jruide it 

 throii/^h the wound. If an artery ol' much 

 si/.e should bleed, a lif^ature must be up|)lied, 

 by meansof the t.iuiacuhmior iieedh;. Wlicru 

 the ext(;rnal wound is larj^'o, one or two 

 stitches may be used, but in siicli way a.s to 

 allow the urine to escape li-eely throuj^h the 

 l(jwer part, ol" the optniin^'. 



It has b(!eti recommeiuled to liicllilate IIk; 

 first stajre ol'tlir! o|)eratioii by a previoiisone. 

 'I'o cut down upon tin! penis, befltr*; the scro- 

 tum, — draw it ti)r ward, sons lo obliterate ita 

 curvature;, and to jtass a dinjcte ry, within tho 

 urethra, as a (^niide Ibr the knili', in cutlin(;j 

 into that canal. It appears to me; that hucIi 

 a cfjnrse would beattended with more trouble 

 and dilliciilty to the; op(!ralor, and more sut- 

 feriii^if to t.he animal, than lo proceed, dircjct 

 ly lo final operation, as I have recorruiK'udod. 

 After a |l;w days, the urine will njsiiuic 

 its natural channel, and the wouiul heal. 

 New Gurdfii, 2u(l Mo. UiUi, IhVi, 



