No. 15. 



Guessing — Industry and Economy. 



269 



passage throu<jh the steam house to the hog 

 pen ; W W are the two hog pens. Y. is the 

 feeding place. The dotted lines represent 

 the troughs, each pen 10 feet, to be extend- 

 ed as deep as you wish them; the entry 8 

 feut in width, the door should go out of the 

 entry QQ into the pen at P. The dotted 

 line in steam house represents the back part 

 of the steam house. 12 3 4 5 6 represent 

 stalls for feeding cattle. R R R R R R is a 

 trough where cattle are fed from entry QQ. 

 My whole building, with machinery, is put 

 up very economical. I sunk a range of posts 

 in the ground, 9 feet high in front, 32 feet 

 long, 6 feet in the back, and 18 feet in width. 

 The back side I took the common 5 hole 

 fence posts, put them in 3 feet six inches 

 apart, which form my stalls, 11 feet long, 3 

 rails in each pannel, the trough rests on the 

 lower rail and is fastened to the second 

 range of posts that you see in entry Q,Q ; all 

 the cost of my building does not amount to 

 more than fifty dollars. I bought an old 

 still kettle for ten dollars, the tubes cost 

 about twenty-five dollars, the brick I used 

 for the furnace and chimney I do not count 

 any thing, as they can be applied to other 

 uses at any time, if I abandon the steaming. 

 I covered my steam house with boards, and 

 weather boarded the house with rough 

 boards which I consider convertible into 

 other purposes ; so that I consider all the 

 outlayings of my whole building, and to pay 

 mechanics, would not exceed fifty dollars. 

 Some prefer boiling the food for stock, but 

 what little experiment I had of it, I would 

 prefer steaming. 



REFERENCE TO THE ENGRAVING. 



A. Boiler. B. Furnace. 



C. Feeding Tube. E. Pump. 



F. Escaping Tube. G. Steammg Tube. 



H. Safety Valve. 1. Reversing Cock. 



K. Stop Cock to open when fillmg boiler. 



L. Steaming Box to steam roots, &c. 



M. Scalding box to scald meal for cattle. 



N. A pin to let hot water down from T. 



O. A small gate to stop the water at 



M. or let it pass to P. 

 P. A box to scald meal for hogs. 

 Q, Q. The Entry in steam house. 

 R R R R R R. A trough to feed stock in 



steam house. 

 S. Stop cock to draw water out of the 



boiler. 

 T. A Small trough to convey hot water 



to M. or P. 

 U. A Stop cock to gage the water in the 



boiler, to know when the boiler is 



full enough. 

 12 3 4 5 6. Stalls for Cattle. 

 W. W. Two hog pens, 

 Y. Entry or Feeding place. 



J. Fhastz, Jr. 

 Lancaster County March, 1838. 



For the Farmers' Cabinet. 



Oticssing. 



The area of every enclosure on a farm 

 ought to be ascertained, in order to determine 

 with some degree of precision the quantity it 

 produces per acre, as well as the quantity of 

 seed or plaster sown per acre and to regulate 

 the manuring and the labor with some de- 

 gree of accuracy. Fields being generally 

 rectangular, very little diiKculty would arise 

 in determining the number of acres in each, 

 and when once ascertained a record could be 

 kept, that would render further trouble unne- 

 cessary. Many farmers depend too much on 

 guessing, as to the quantity of land and the 

 produce per acre, and those who are not pret- 

 ty knowing in such matters are supposed by 

 some, occasionally to make great mistakes, 

 that sometimes involve a, suspicion of their 

 veracity. If the size of fields and the amount 

 of their produce were accurately registered in 

 a book kept for that purpose, it would be but 

 little trouble, and it would furnish an agreea- 

 ble amusement for a rainy day, to compare the 

 products of difl'erent years from the same 

 ground; by this means a farmer would al- 

 ways be able to determine the improvement 

 and increased fertility of his farm, and if at 

 any time he should incline to furnish an agri- 

 cultural journal, with the results of any of his 

 operations, it could be done with confidence 

 as to its accuracy, which would be satisfacto- 

 ry and instructive to the public. 



A farmer should never guess at results 

 when he has the means in his power of arriv- 

 ing at truth so easily. Keep a regular ac- 

 count of all articles sold and purchased, and 

 at the year's end balance your book, so that 

 you may know your latitude and longitude, 

 and not be in danger of receiving a visit from 

 the Sheriff. 



For the Fanners' Cabinet. 

 Rewards of Industry ajid Economy. 



As it is a rational desire for farmers, in 

 conmion with their fellow citizens following 

 other pursuits, to make a comfortable living 

 for themselves and tlieir families, and to ac- 

 cumulate a reasonable fund for contingen- 

 cies, and for giving their children, or others 

 dependant upon them a start on the journey 

 of life ; I design to furnish some of the re- 

 sults of my own experience asd observation 

 on the means most likely to accomplish those 

 desirable and meritorious objects. I started 

 out in life a poor boy, destitute of property, 

 being thrown on my own resources, as tens of 

 thousands annually are in our country, and 

 by industry and economy, with the blessing 

 of Providence on my exertions, I have now 

 advanced pretty well on towards the natural 

 period of the termination of my earthly ca- 



