314 



DrainiusT' — J\'*o. 2. 



Vol. II. 



be used ; for though they are not of great du- 

 rability, they serve the purpose, even after 

 they liave decayed, of rendering the earth 

 more open and pervious to water. 



Drains formed in this manner, wliether the 

 material employed be stone or tile, will be 

 found efficient when they are laid out in the 

 proper direction, and when the pervious sub- 

 stances are reached in which the water is 

 contained. 



But it is often impracticable to reach these 

 substances with a drain of common depth. — 

 In this case, apeitures may be formed at the 

 bottom of the drain, by boring or sinking 

 down at the proper distances, until the pervi- 

 ous beds in which the water is contained are 

 readied. By this means the water will be al- 

 lowed to flow up ti-om below into the cavity 

 of the drain, and so will be carried away. 



The application of this principle had been 

 familiar from the remotest times in the sini^-- 

 ing of wells. But it was not till after the 

 middle of the last century that the same prin- 

 ciple was applied to the draining of land. — 

 Tiiis was done by Mr. Elkington of War- 

 wickshire, who employed tlie auger and the 

 boring-rod for tlie purpose of reaching the 

 channels and reservoirs below the surface, 

 when an ordinary drain could not reach them. 



The auger employed for this purpose is 

 similar to a carpenter's wimble. It may be 

 from four to five inches in diaipeter. Square 

 iron rods are made to be screwed into one 

 anv)ther, so that the length of the line of rods 

 may be increased in proportion as tiie auger 

 penetrates the ground. In the annexed fig., 

 A is the auger, B one of tlie rods, C a key for 

 turning it round and working it, D another 

 key for holding the rods when they are to be 

 unscrewed by means of the key C. 



This instrument may be sometimes found 

 useful when the channels and reservoirs of 

 water can be readied in this manner. The 

 apertures are formed by the auger in the bot- 

 tom of the drain. When the vvater is reach- 

 ed, it will spring up into the drain, in the 

 same manner as water in the bottom of a well. 

 It is not necessary to employ any artificial 

 means for keeping the apertures open, as the 

 flow of the water will suffice to maintain for 

 itself a passage. 



For the Farmers' Cabinet. 



Food for Cliickciis. 



The thrifly housewife gotteth much gain by chickensi 



As this is the season when our good house- 

 wives are rearing broods of chickens, and 

 turkeys, to have them in readiness for market 

 next autumn and winter, when they will, no 

 doubt, sell for a good price, and enable them 

 to purdiase many articles of comfort, and per* 

 haps some which would have been deemed 

 luxuries by our primitive ancestors. I therefore 

 embrac64he opportunity of recommending to 

 those who_^are engaged in this interesting 

 branch of domestic economy, to have their 

 hen-coops, in wliidi the nurses are confined, 

 while their young charge run at large in their 

 vichiity, arranged near to, or dose by, the' 

 ! paling of the garden; so that the younglings 

 ■may wander through the beds of cabbages 

 ,and among tiie encumber vines and vegeta- 

 bles, and make an early breakfast of the in- 

 sects, grubs and worms, which are so mju- 

 rious to garden truck, without in the least 

 degree trespassing on our superior rights. 



This kind of food is eaten, by young poul- 

 try, with a Jiigh relish, and it saves the too 

 frequent resort to the Indian-meal tub, and 

 materially diminishes the number of those in- 

 sidious invaders of our privileges, which have 

 multiplied so alarmingly, since the hud boys 

 and idle young men- have killed off most of 

 tiiG birds, which were wont to keep them 

 within harmless limits. 



This judicious plan of feeding chickens 

 and clearing a nicely cultivated garden of 

 pernicious insects, was suggested by the wise 

 practice of the worthy farmer who was men- 

 tioned in the last number of the Cabinet, as 

 having along range of stone fence, of his own 

 making, that would repay a rideof seven miles 

 to look at it. B 



Morello CMcri-y. 



Mr. Editor: — Will you be good enough 

 to ask of some of your intelligent and obser- 

 vant subscribers any information they miirht 

 have on the subject of the disease and wa^ste 

 that is now affecting that valuable fruit tree, 

 the mnrfllo cherry .^ It and the pie cherry 

 will soon be extinct unless some bold eflbrts 

 and thorough investigations are made to 

 remedy the disease which now threatens their 

 existence. Is not the black and warty ex- 

 cression which attacks almost every "limb 

 ^^ pervaded by an insect? and if so, cannot some 

 ] means be devised to destroy it and correct its 

 ravages. In fine, has there been any reme- 

 dy for the evil complained of found, and by 

 any of your readers; if so, will they not com- 

 municate it to the Cabinet for the good of the 

 public ? So hopes a subscriber. 



Wilmington, Del, 



