1868. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



103 



itmg, with some dinrrhcea. These are the first 

 symptoms ; after these, in the course of as 

 many more days, the eyes will become much 

 swelled and sore, and painful upon coming to 

 the light. My wife lived only two weeks after 

 the swelling of the eyes ; a son, 4^ years old, 

 lived a day or two longer ; another son, 8 years 

 old, began to recover at the end of about four 

 weeks, and is now nearly well. Mj' soreness 

 left me in about forty days, and now I am 

 nearly well. Another son of 13 years has 

 been exceedingly sore for two months ; it has 

 not entirely left him yet ; and he is very weak 

 and emaciated, but is better ; his soreness is 

 not all gone yet. Cooked meat will not give 

 the trichinae, as our school teacher eat of it 

 four or five times, and was not affected, for it 

 was cooked. — J. M. Eaight, Iowa, Mich., in 

 N. Y. Tribune. 



HAULING ■WOOD. 



While the first snow was pearly under feet, 



A team crawled creaking down Quompegan Street; 



Two cords of oak weighed down the grinding sled, 



And cornstalk fodder rustled overhead; 



The oxen's muzzles, as they shouldered through, 



Were silvtr fringed ; the driver's own was blue 



As the ctjursu frock that swung helow his knee. 



Behind his load of shelter waded he ; 



His mitteiiud hands now on his chest he beat, 



Now stamped tin- stiflFened cowhides on his feet. 



Hushed as a ghost's; h's arm^iit scarce could hold 



The walnut wbipstalk slippery bright with cold. 



—J. It. Lowell. 



Beet Sug.^^r in GEiJMANY. — A German 

 agricultural journal gives an interesting ac- 

 count of the beet sugar business in that coun- 

 try. Fields of beets of from two to three 

 hundred acres are often seen there. The 

 beets are drilled in rows about fifteen inches 

 apart and the whole labor of cultivation per- 

 formed by the hoe. The women and men work 

 in gangs of twenty or more. The men get 

 from sixteen to nineteen cents per day and the 

 women from thirteen to fifteen — working four- 

 teen hours. The manufactories for this sugar 

 are on a correspondingly large scale, some of 

 them employing a thousand hands. The beets 

 are brought from the field and elevated to the 

 upper story of a high building, where they are 

 cleaned, crushed and filtered, the juice de- 

 scending from story to story, undergoing a 

 refining process by the way till it reaches the 

 lower one in the shape of a sugar cone two 

 and a half feet in length. It is a very nice ar- 

 ticle and worth at the factory about ten cents 

 per pound. It takes eight days from the time 

 of crushing the beets till the sugar is dried 

 sufficiently for market. One of these estab- 

 lishments turned out six millions of pounds 

 last year with the help of six hundred hands. 



A Texan Sheep Farm. — Out on a broad 

 and glorious prairie, between the creeks of San 

 Gabriel and Brusky, in Williamson county, I 

 found Messrs. Voorhees & Crouch, living in a 

 very plain and patriarchal style, on one of the 



finest ranges I have seen in the State. Over 

 hundreds of acres of their grazing lands, there 

 is not a bush large enough to hide a hen. 

 Their flocks go off in the morning over the 

 beautiful slopes, and from many single points 

 the shepherd can overlook his herd of ten or 

 twelve hundred head, for two or three hours, 

 without changing his position. For such as 

 choose an open range, 1 have never seen a finer 

 one. I found their flocks in a thriving condition, 

 and numbering between three and four thou- 

 sand. They are being rapidly graded up bv 

 the use of imported bucks, and their clip of 

 wool will soon be among the first in the State. • 

 These gentlemen incorporate in themselves the 

 elements of success, for they both understand 

 the nature, habits and wants of sheep, and 

 have the patience and skill to give their flocks 

 just the treatment they need. — Dr. Boynton, 

 in Mirror and Farmer. 



The Teeth of the Horse. — A horse has 

 forty teeth — twenty-four double teeth, or 

 grinders, four tushes, or single file teeth, and 

 twelve front teeth, called gatherers. As a 

 general thing, mares have no tushes. Between 

 two and three years old, the colt sheds his four 

 middle teeth — two above, and two below. 

 After three years old, two other teeth are 

 changed, one on each side of those formerly 

 shed ; he now has eight colt's teeth, and eight 

 horse's teeth. When four years of age he 

 cuts four new teeth. At five years old the 

 horse sheds his remaining colt's teeth, four in 

 number, when his tushes appear. At six years 

 of age his tushes are up, appearing white, 

 small and sharp, while a small circle of young 

 growing teeth is observable. The mouth is 

 now complete. At eight years of age the 

 teeth have filled up, the horse is aged, and his 

 mouth is said to be fuU. — Turf, Field and 

 Farm. 



Massachusetts State Statistics. — The 

 Secretary of the State of Massachusetts has 

 recently published the abstract of the census 

 of 186.5, by which it appears that this State is 

 still first among the States of the Union as re- 

 gards population per square mile. The popu- 

 lation of the State to-day is 1,281,700; in 

 1865 it was 1,267,031. Males, 602,050; fe- 

 males, 665,021 — showing an excess of 63,000 

 females over the number of males. Of the 

 total population, 828,158 are natives of the 

 State. The foreign element is relatively most 

 numerous in Suffolk County, where 33.12 per 

 cent, of the whole population are foreign born. 

 The number of dwellings was returned as 

 208,698. Of the 10,167 colored persons in 

 Massachusetts, 2,348 are found in Boston and 

 1,517 in New Bedford, and in fifty-eight towns 

 there is no colored person. The largest num- 

 bers in the table of occupations of females 

 are: Domestics, 27,393; operatives, 20,162, 

 and teachers, 6050. 



