No. 1. 



Beet Susai' — Fj'uit Trees. 



23 



otherwise find difficulty in obtaining it; is 

 healthy, interesting, and affords scope for me- 

 chanical and scientific genius, and employ- 

 ment for the machinist ; and at the approach 

 of spring, when the season invites to out-door 

 labour, the sugar-house is cleared of its mem- 

 bers ; all repair to the fields, exhilarated by 

 the change of employment, and strengthened 

 by a season of comparative rest and protection 

 from the rigours of winter. 



Third, The markets for agricultural pro- 

 duce are not glutted, and the prices reduced, 

 by this new article of agricultural manufac- 

 ture, but an immense advantage is gained at 

 the expense of a crop raised in foreign coun- 

 tries, without fear that the produce will ever 

 exceed the demand, for the use of sugar is 

 always on the increase, and the greater the 

 supply the greater will be the consumption. 



Fourth, But another advantage arising 

 from the cultivation of the sugar beet is, you 

 have the opportunity of choosing in what way 

 you will expend the crop, for if, after all, you 

 decline making sugar, you lose nothing, the 

 roots being equally valuable as food for all 

 kinds of cattle, " even for your rats," as a 

 friend humorously writes me ; and to have it 

 in your power to furnish a sufficient quantity 

 of food for the most severe and protracted 

 winter, by the culture of a few acres of land 

 only, which land will be benefited by such 

 culture to the value of the crop, is an advan- 

 tage which cannot easily be appreciated by 

 those who are strangers to the luxury of a 

 warm house and a plentiful table for his out- 

 door family. 



On the subject of the meliorating property 

 of the beet culture, I was shown a very large 

 field of wheat a little time ago, two-thirds of 

 which, on examination, proved to be cheat ; 

 but a strip was pointed out to me, as accu- 

 rately defined as though it had been laid off 

 by rule and line, where the wheat was re- 

 markably thick and fine, and six feet in height, 

 without smut or blemish of any kind ; and on 

 this land the crop of sugar beet had been 

 grown the year before, which crop had been 

 manured for, but none had been given to the 

 wheat in that part of the field : this is the 

 true mode of wheat culture ; the manure 

 ought always to be applied to 'th4 preceding 

 crop, which ought always to be a green one, 

 and expended as food for cattle ; and when 

 such a rotation takes place amongst us, we 

 shall no longer suffer, as we now do, by black- 

 rust in the next year's crop. 



I would, however, by no means recommend 

 the making of sugar by the agriculturists ge- 

 nerally ; much has been said on the difficulty 

 of refining the juice and crystallizing the 

 syrup, and these difficulties will always be 

 found in the hands of those whose means are 

 small, and whose operations are limited from 



the same cause; but these difficulties will 

 vanish before skill and capital, and it will 

 then be found that what has been said, by all 

 who have had the means of knowing the fact 

 by experience, is perfectly correct, that nearly 

 as much stock can be supported from the re- 

 fuse of the beet sugar-house, as from the crop 

 of roots before crushing. And when sugar- 

 houses are erected in the country, as is cus- 

 tomary throughout the beet-growing districts 

 of France and other parts of the continent 

 of Europe, the farmer can carry there that 

 portion of his crop which he can spare from 

 his stock, and receive in return, if he choose, 

 a portion of the refuse of the sugar-house in 

 part payment, or, if he had rather, the value 

 in money — this being a ready-money business. 

 When I look at the cane-fields of Louisiana, 

 at the present time, and see them submerged 

 and totally ruined for years by the inundation 

 which covers them, and contemplate the ex- 

 treme labour which must be bestowed upon 

 them, before they can again be brought into 

 partial cultivation, with the sickness, and 

 misery, and death that must ensue from such 

 a. state of things, I am astonished that the 

 making of sugar from the beet, which has 

 been found to yield a greater acreable pro- 

 duce of sugar than the cane, should still re- 

 main in a state of abeyance amongst us, par- 

 ticularly as its cultivation, unlike that of the 

 sugar-cane, is made subservient to a rotation 

 of crops and a system of stock-feeding, which, 

 of themselves, would be of more value to the 

 country than even the sugar that would be 

 made from it. Your Subscriber, 



J.N. 



Lancaster County. 



For the Farmers' Cabinet. 

 Fruit Trees. 



Mr. Editor, — The following extracts from 

 a foreign work will show the young people 

 of our country how they keep up a succession 

 of fruit trees in Germany, and perhaps it may 

 stimulate some of them to imitate so laudable 

 an example. 



" In the duchy of Gotha, in Germany, 

 there are many villages which obtain a rent 

 of many hundred dollars a year for their 

 fruit trees, which are planted on the road-side, 

 and on the commons. Every neio-married 

 couple is bound to plant two young fruit trees. 

 The rent arising from the trees thus planted 

 is applied to the uses of the parish or town. 



In order to preserve the plantations from 

 injury or depredation, the inhabitants of the 

 parish are all made answerable; each of 

 whom is thus on the watch over the other ; 

 and if any one is caught in the act of com- 

 mitting any injury, all the damage done in 

 the same year, the authors of which cannot 

 be discovered, is attributed to him, and he is 



