No. 3. 



Hay Malting. 



87 



then, that A. should expect, on the sale of I New York, in a letter dated the 18th of July, directed 



his crop, to obtain more money than B. He 

 would be the loser if he did not ; yet if he 

 sells his corn Is. per bushel cheaper than 

 B., he would not realize so much as B., as I 

 shall endeavour to show. A.'s 40 acres of 

 land must, in the first instance, be drained 

 at an expense of j£4 per acre, making j£160. 



Interest on £160 at 10 per cent. iTlG 05. Od. 



Additional expenses of tillage, hoeing, 



and weeding, at 5s. per acre 

 Additional expenses of reaping, harvest 



ing, and thrashing, at 2s. Gd. per acre, 







X31 



Making, 

 Extra expense of the year's cultivation 

 of A.'s 40 acres of land, and for which 

 he obtains 200 bushels of corn more 

 than his neighbour B., which he sells 

 at 6s. a bushel, making 

 Deduct extra expenses of cul- 

 tivation as shown £31 

 Market expenses, and deliv- 

 ering 200 bushels or 25 qrs. 2 10 — 33 10 



60 



In favour of A. if he sold his corn at the 

 same price as B. X20 10s. Qd. 



But B. sells his corn at \s. a bushel dearer 

 than A., and grows on his 40 acres of land 

 1000 bushels; B. therefore obtains for his 

 produce 1000 shillings, or £50 more than 

 A, would on a like quantity. 



Which, then, has done best by his crop; 



A. who, by his good cultivation, capital, and 

 skill, has produced the larger crop, or B. 

 who has not applied any extra capita], skill, 

 or knowledge, but has obtained for his corn 

 Is. a bushel more than his neighbour A.'? 



The account will stand thus: 



B. produces 1000 bushels at 7s. £350 Os. 0</, 

 A. produces 1200 at 6s. £360 



Deduct A.'s extra expenses of 

 cultivation and marketing, 

 as shown £33 10 0-326 10 



Balance in favour of B. 



£23 10 



It may be, and is, true that extra capital, 

 skill, and knowledge, will employ more la- 

 bour, and produce more corn, both of which 

 may be for the general good ; but it is not 

 true that it ouglit to enable the producer to 

 sell at a lower price. Skill and knowledge 

 ought to be paid for, and, independently of 

 his extra capital applied, A. is entitled to 

 expect a higher remuneration than his less 

 skilful neighbour B., which, however, he 

 does not obtain, because in " trying to re- 

 duce prices," he has overlooked the extra 

 cost he has incurred in producing the larger 

 crop, which oversight must sooner or later 

 reduce his capital, which is as nece.ssary to 

 successful cultivation as skill and know- 

 ledge. — Gardeners' Chronicle. 



Hay Making. 



A very pretty specimen of rapid hay gathering is 

 detailed below by R. L. Pell, a well known farmer of 



to the President of the American Institute. We copy 

 from the Farmer and Mechanic. 



To have struck into a field of thirty acres of timothy 

 on a Second-day morning, that would yield two and a 

 half tons to the acre, and have had uninterruptedly 

 fine w"eather till the close of the week, when 75 tons, 

 sweet and fresh, were found to be in the mow, wag 

 capable of yielding no trifling amount of satisfaction 

 to the thrifty farmer. The gathering of good crops of 

 grass and grain, in fine weather, is really delightful. 

 There is no part of the farm duties more calculated to 

 bring out a man's good humor, and to make him feel 

 pleased with himself and his labours. He is sailing 

 on a smooth sea, and every breeze is blowing fair. We 

 should like to have followed the revolving horse-rake, 

 or to have handled the fork in this lot.— Ed. 



On Monday morning, the 6th of July last, 

 at half past four o'clock, I commenced cut- 

 ting a thirty acre field of timothy grass, and 

 on Saturday evening, the 12th, at seven 

 o'clock, the contents of the field, 75 tons, 

 were stowed away in my barn for winter con- 

 sumption, and I can assure you, that it is in 

 as perfect order as the sample now before 

 you — presenting to the eye the same green 

 appearance, which it will retain for years if 

 kept from light, with all its saccharine qual- 

 ities unimpaired. 



I employed seven men and one boy, who 

 alternately mowed, spread, loaded the wagon, 

 drew in, stowed away, etc.; immediately af- 

 ter the grass was cut, it was spread as thin 

 as possible over the field, and was turned 

 once before noon. At one o'clock it was 

 raked into windrows and cocked; at two 

 o'clock the wagon commenced drawing into 

 the barn, where it was packed and cured 

 with half a bushel to one bushel of salt per 

 ton. At evening, all the grass cut before 

 three o'clock was drawn in and stowed, re- 

 taining all the nutritious qualities required 

 to form flesh, bone, muscle, and to promote 

 growth in the animal to be fed on it — having 

 lost only 14 per cent of water, which was 

 replaced by salt. In fact, therefore, my hay 

 is as heavy as it was when standing in the 

 field, or nearly so. The salt draws out the 

 water, which passes oft" by evaporation, and 

 takes possession of the pores, adding to the 

 weight of the hay, and curing it on the same 

 principle as it docs pork or beef. I am very 

 respectfully, your obedient servant. 



To Destroy Roaches. — Mix a table- 

 spoonful of red lead and Indian meal, with 

 sufficient of molasses to make a thick batter, 

 and place the mixture at night on a plate or 

 piece of board on the hearth, or in the closet 

 frequented by these vermin. They will eat 

 it, and be poisoned by it. 



