No. 3. 



To have good Vinegar. 



99 



the individual a merit deserving special no- 

 tice, namely, that of receiving and abiding, 

 without murmur or complaint, the decision 

 of the committee appointed to judge and 

 decide between the competitors. None 

 doubted that Robert Fountain's land was 

 ploughed well ; he had made a most spirited, 

 and as some probably thought, a successful 

 effort for one of the premiums. But the 

 committee decided otherwise, and with this 

 decision Robert Fountain was the first to 

 e.x'press his entire satisfaction, and to con- 

 gratulate his successful rivals. The grace 

 of acknowleding a defeat may equal the 

 glory of winning a victory. The committee 

 would point out this example as worthy of 

 imitation on all future occasions. Let the 

 opinions of the committee be respected as 

 the just and impartial judgment of those 

 called to decide. 



The committee deem it but justice to one 

 other of the competitors for the premiums, to 

 name the peculiarly embarrassing circumstan- 

 ces under which he carried on the contest. The 

 ground ploughed e.xtended across from one 

 slight hill to another. The land in the cen- 

 tre of the valley, being land No. 10, was 

 drawn by James N. Cleland. The great 

 growth upon it of grass and tall weeds was 

 obvious to the eye, but this held out no ter- 

 ror to so good a ploughman as Mr. Cleland. 

 It was not till he entered upon it and dis- 

 covered from the wash, &c., not only a va- 

 riety of soil, but from the water that must 

 at times have lain upon it, that it turned up 

 in many places in very large clods or flakes 

 of earth, that Mr. Cleland fully contemp- 

 lated all the difficulties he had to contend 

 with. Mr. Cleland, as having been the suc- 

 cessful candidate last season, and having 

 borne off the Society's first premium, was 

 looked to as one whose reputation was es- 

 tablished, and from whom the most finished 

 work might be expected. But he soon saw 

 that both his skill and strength would be 

 taxed to the utmost to perform any thing 

 even respectable, and not to allow the gene- 

 ral appearance of the field to be marred by 

 a rough and unsightly land. His efforts to 

 this end — for the credit of the field — aided 

 by his fine and well trained and powerful 

 team, were so far successful as to make his 

 work quite respectable, and that is the most 

 that can be said of it, and which is indeed 

 high praise, considering what he had to con- 

 tend with. 



The committee congratulate all the plough- 

 men on the result of the match : they con- 

 gratulate them and thank them for the inte- 

 rest they contributed to the day, and they 

 conclude in the language of the beautiful 

 Ode written for the occasion, 



" God bless Columbia's yeomanry, 

 And give them happy homes." 



A second match came off between the 

 boys. There were five entries, namely : 

 George Jackson, George Grebby, Thomas 

 Jackson, John C. Clark, Jr., and Henry 

 Bird. The premiums were taken by the 

 four first named, in the order they are 

 given — three of them using the Prouty 

 plough and one the Wiley. The ground 

 was so very hard that it taxed the strength 

 of our young friends severely, still they 

 stuck to their work and persevered to the 

 end. It was surprising almost that they 

 could plough there at all, but they did 

 plough, and some of them made highly re- 

 spectable ploughing, and nothing could ex- 

 ceed the enmlation they evinced to excel. 



The influence of all this upon their future 

 character cannot but be highly beneficial. 



John C. Clark, Chairman. 



Bryan Jackson, 

 John W. Andrews, 

 Washington E. Moore, 

 Francis Sawdon, 

 John Smith, 



Committee. 

 Sept. irth, 184(>. 



To have Good Vinegar. 



The cowherds on the Alps and in several 

 parts of France use milk whey to make the 

 sharpest vinegar, and they also extract from 

 it a salt called in pharmacy sugar of milk, 

 which the Swiss doctors consider as the best 

 detergent to purify the blood and cure radi- 

 cally the most inveterate cutaneous com- 

 plaints. The method they use to prepare 

 this salt is this: afler having separated all 

 tiie caseous and oily parts, the whey is cla- 

 rified and boiled until reduced to one-fourth 

 part of the whole, which they deposit in 

 wooden or earthen pans in a cool place. In 

 a short time the saccharine particles are 

 crystallized, the phlegmatic part is then de- 

 canted slowly and the sugar is dried upon 

 pieces of grey paper. This operation may 

 be accelerated by boiling out the whey en- 

 tirely, but the sugar which remains at the 

 bottom of the kettle is coloured and unfit 

 for pharmaceutical purposes : it might, how- 

 ever, answer well for veterinary uses. 



The process for making vinegar out of 

 milk is very simple. After having clarified 

 the whey, it is poured into casks with some 

 aromatic plants or elder blossoms, as it suits 

 the fancy, and exposed in open air to the 

 sun, where it soon acquires an uncommon 

 degree of acidity. 



The Russians and Tartars make with the 

 whey of their mares' milk a strong and in- 



