No. 6. 



Milk for the Peo2)le. 



175 



undcrdrained. Handsome belts of woodland 

 are left in different places for protection from 

 storms, as also for ornament, forming a pic- 

 turesque and beautiftil sight. Mr. Patterson 

 informed us that he had applied nearly one 

 hundred and eighty thousand bushels of 

 lime; and witli the large stock that he is 

 now enabled to keep, he makes in addition, 

 a great quantity of manure, which he uses 

 principally in top-dressing, considering that 

 the best mode of applying it. His fields are 

 necessarily large, but well fenced. On the 

 farm are upwards of 18,000 pannels of post- 

 and-rail fence, all appearing in good condi- 

 tion. In addition to the main farm build- 

 ings, there are a number of hay-houses on 

 different parts of the estate, for greater con- 

 venience of storing ha\', &c., and for feeding. 



The principal roads over the farm are 

 turnpiked, for the purpose of enabling the 

 teams to do more hauling during the wet 

 season. Gates neatly hung, are used in 

 place of bars, affording a great convenience 

 and saving of time. 



The regular stock of cattle kept on the 

 farm are of the pure Devon blood, chiefly 

 descended from his own imiMrtations, and 

 obtained from that celebrated farmer and 

 breeder, Mr. Bloomfield, of Norfolk, Eng- 

 land. A more magnificent herd could not 

 perhaps be found in any country at this time. 

 I believe they number about 60 head. We 

 examined a young bull of beautiful form, 

 possessing all the fine points of his race — he 

 had just arrived from England. Mr. Pat- 

 terson informed us that it was his practice 

 to import a young bull about every three 

 years, in order to keep up a steady improve- 

 ment in his herd, thereby evincing much 

 skill as a breeder, and great liberality and 

 spirit as a citizen. 



In addition to the above, a large number 

 of cattle are purchased annually and fattened 

 for the markets. We v.'ere shown several 

 large flocks of fine sheep of mixed blood, 

 and also some superior Southdowns. Also 

 a large number of swine of the Berkshire 

 breed, which were preferred to any other 

 kind, on account of the superiority of their 

 meat for the table. 



We saw on the farm in different lots, a 

 number of fine blooded brood mares and 

 their colts, and some crosses with a fine 

 Northern bred horse, producing highly valu- 

 able and splendid road horses. 



The skilful management displayed by 

 the spirited owner of this noble estate, was 

 highly gratifying, and caused my friend and 

 myself to wish that hundreds more of our 

 countrymen possessing talents and fortune, 

 were engaged in the same honourable and 

 usefiil pursuit. 



After having spent some hours with Mr. 

 Patterson in riding over the estate, and par- 

 taking of his kind hospitality, we leti to 

 meet the cars for Baltimore, highly gratified 

 with our visit. A. C. 



Philadelphia, Dec. 22nd, 184C. 



Milk for the People. 



There exist on Long Island, near Brook- 

 lyn, several manufactories q^ m\\k — the pro- 

 cess of which should be known. One of 

 these dairies covers a space of 600 feet front 

 by 300 deep, carefully fenced in, so as to be 

 as private as possible — the business of the 

 people being to drink the milk, not to know 

 how it is made — in which enclosure 400 

 cows are kept the whole year round. These 

 cows are fed on the refuse slop of the whis- 

 key distilleries, and it is given to them warm. 

 Each barrel costs six cents, but being adul- 

 terated with water and cheap feed, brings 

 the price still less. Such is the fondness of 

 the cows for this vile compound, that aft.er 

 having fed upon it for a week or more, their 

 appetites become so depraved that they will 

 take no other food. The result is their milk- 

 producing organs are stimulated to a won- 

 derful degree; they yield enormously, but 

 soon become diseased; their gums ulcerate, 

 their teeth drop out, and their breath be- 

 comes fetid. Though thus diseased, they 

 do not fall away in flesh, but on the contrary 

 puff up and bloat to an appearance of great 

 fatness; their joints become stiflj so that 

 they cannot lie down, and rarely or never 

 come out alive. Bad as this is, the milk is 

 afterward mixed with molasses, water and 

 whiting, and then sold to the people of New 

 York for pure milk ! Any one may observe 

 the thirty-six vans that carry it around every 

 morning. It is of course very injurious to 

 children, who use it in much greater quan- 

 ties than adults. Some idea may be formed 

 of the profit made by computing one barrel 

 of slop to a cow, costing sixpence, and the 

 milk produced being eighty cents! — New 

 York Paper. 



Economy in Cooking Cranberries. — To 



each quart of berries, very shortly after the 

 cooking of them is commenced, add a tea- 

 spoonful of sal seratus. This will so neu- 

 tralize the acid which they contain, as to 

 make it necessary to use only one-fourth 

 part as much sugar as would have been re- 

 quisite, had they been cooked without using 

 sal seratus. 



Lands should be well drained before they 

 are manured. 



