No. 1. 



Results of Industry. — Fuel in Paris. 



23 



Agriculture, of an experiment he had made 

 after the method of Mr. Chaugarnier. 



Potatoes planted about the end of August, 

 gave him a crop at the end of the ensuing 

 winter. 



A discussion arose in the society on this 

 subject — and .it seems to have been agreed 

 that these potatoes had, in the spring, at- 

 tained their full size. 



Monsieur Masson, in the experimental 

 garden of the Society, planted in August, 

 1846, the Marjolin potatoes; the growth of 

 the stalks was very slow; at the time of hill- 

 ing them there were no young potatoes. The 

 cold weather having come, he covered the 

 potatoe bed with dry leaves, and at that time 

 the young potatoes were not larger than the 

 finger's end. Frost came on shortly after; 

 the stalks were completely disorganized, but 

 the vegetation of the potatoes in the earth, 

 nevertheless continued. We recollect that 

 Mr. Vilmorin proved the same flicts twenty 

 years ago, when he introduced the Marjolin 

 potatoe by the name of the kidney. 



Mons. Naudin. — Agriculture is, in our 

 day, a very complicated science, borrowing 

 for the most part from every other. Besides 

 a knowledge of vegetable physiology which 

 it claims imperiously from every one who 

 takes that career, it also demands an exact 

 appreciation of the different soils, of climate, 

 of local circumstances which often power- 

 fully influence the productions of the earth. 

 We must understand the effects of various 

 manures — what kinds of animals we ought 

 to raise, &c., and in fact, in order to be a 

 good farmer one ought to be a meteorologist, 

 mineralogist, chemist, natural philosopher, 

 and an economist. And it is to these grave 

 and important questions, that the professor 

 of the garden of plants at Paris takes such 

 pains to call the attention of people. 



France, says he, is one of those countries 

 in Europe which demonstrates best this great 

 truth, that agriculture is a complex art. With 

 her vast plains of the tertiary formation, her 

 masses of granite mountains, her oceanic 

 regions in the west, her oriental provinces 

 participating in the continental climate of 

 the centre of Europe, with such a varied 

 mineralogical nature of soil, and above all, 

 with her north and south regions — what a 

 study does she present for the philosopher 

 and for the learned farmer. — Farmer and 

 Mechanic. 



From the Cultivator. 

 Results of Industry. 



The following furnishes a good example 

 of what may be accomplished in farming by 

 laborious industry and perseverance. There 



are probably many such in our country, and 

 it is proper that they should be held up for 

 the encouragement of others. The writer 

 of this article, it should be remembered, is 

 located in a region which many look upon 

 as very unfavourable to agriculture. 



I commenced clearing land fi-om a wilder- 

 ness estate in 1820; the growth was heavy 

 hard wood of beech, maple, birch, with some 

 hemlock and spruce. I felled but little each 

 year, at first, as I had neither ox, horse, nor 

 man to help me, unless I hired or exchanged 

 my own labour for them; — the latter I often 

 did. I practiced clearing every movable 

 thing from the land, sowing it with some 

 kind of grain and grass seed. It scarcely 

 ever failed to produce a good crop of grain, 

 and afterwards grass in abundance, for ten, 

 and sometimes for fifteen years. 1 have 

 cleared, with the assistance of my own sons, 

 principally, about one hundred acres of wood- 

 land. I have about twenty-eight acres well 

 cleared of stones, which is in a good state 

 of cultivation. My stock consists of oxen, 

 cows, and young stock, to the number of 

 twenty to twenty-five, one horse, and about 

 forty sheep. I have plenty of hay for my 

 stock, and sell from five to ten tons yearly. 

 My barn, previous to 1846, was 40 by 50 

 feet, standing where the grdHnd sloped to 

 the southwest, about four feet in fifty. In 

 1846 I built an addition on the lower side of 

 the old part, one hundred and two feet long 

 and thirty wide. I have dug a cellar under 

 the old part seven feet deep — dug a trench 

 still deeper for drain under the wall, which 

 is substantially built under the two sides and 

 upper end of the old part, leaving the lower 

 end immediately connected with the space 

 or cellar under the new one, which is from 

 six to ten feet deep, — without a single post 

 to interfere with carting, — as the floor over 

 it, with its contents, is supported by king 

 posts. My cattle are watered under the 

 new barn from a well. Young stock is fed 

 at racks under the barn. The cattle are 

 chiefly tied over the cellar of the old barn, 

 and are kept abundantly littered with straw, 

 &c. The manure is tlfrown into the cellar 

 through a scuttle. 



John McGlauflin. 



Charlotte, Maine, March, 1847. 



Fuel in Paris. 



It is quite cold to-day, and I have been 

 obliged to have a fire; I therefore purchased 

 two francs' worth of wood. There is a mar- 

 chand de bois across the street, who occu- 

 pies not a spacious wood-yard, as you would 

 probably imagine, but a small shop, and that 

 shop, small as it is, is large enough to stow 



