No. 1. 



Good and Bad Farming. 



29 



market of England for the last thirty years, 

 the prices stated beinof in shillings sterling, 

 per quarter of eight bushels each, or 480 lbs. 



In 1816: There was a lamentably defici- 

 ent harvest, and wheat rose from 55.6 per 

 quarter in February, to 74.11 in June, 82.1 

 in August, 90.10 in October, 103.7 in De- 

 cember. 



In 1817: There was almo&t a famine in 

 France, and large purchases were made in 

 England, late in the spring, for the French 

 government. The price was 104 in Janu- 

 ary, and rose to 112.8 in June; but from the 

 fine weather both in France and England 

 after that time, it fell in July to 102.6, in 

 August to 86.5, and in September to 78.8. 



In 1818: The price was 84.10 in Janu- 

 ary, 89.8 in April and 86.6 in July, 81.3 in 

 August, and 80.8 in December. 



In 1819: The average price was, in Janu- 

 ary, 79.3, in June, 68.10, in December, 66.3. 



In 1820: It had risen in August to 72.5; 

 but in December it fell to 54.6. 



In 1822 : Early in the season the price of 

 wheat was about 50 ; but in December the 

 average price was 38.11. 



In January, 1823, the average price was 

 40.4; and rose in June to 62.5; and fell 

 again in October to 46.6; in December it 

 rose again to 50.8. 



In March, 1824, it was 65.6, but declined 

 to 65.4 in December. 



In May, 1825, it was 68.9 ; in September, 

 66.7, in December, 63. 



In January, 1826, it was 60.3; and fell in 

 March to 55.7 ; and closed in December at 

 55.8. 



In 1827, it was in January, 53.5; in July, 

 59.6; in August, 57.11 ; in September, 55; 

 in December, 50.2. 



In 1828, it was in May, 55.3; in June, 

 54.9; in July, 54; in November, 73; in 

 December, 71.8. 



In 1829, much of the crop being of bad 

 quality, sold for 50; best quality brought an 

 average of 72.6. 



In 1830, in January, it was 54.4; in April, 

 63.11; in August, 70.5; in October, 60.10; 

 in December, 64.11. 



In 1831, in February wheat sold for 71.10; 

 in August it was 61.11 ; in December, .58.3. 



In 1632, it was 61.5 in July; in Decem- 

 ber, 52.6. 



In 1833, it was 51.1 in January; and 51.6 

 in June; in August, 53.5; in December, 

 47.10. 



In 1834 it continued to fall from 45 in the 

 early months throughout the year, till, in 

 December, it sold for 39.6. 



In 1835, wheat sold in April for 37.10; 

 in July, 41 ; but it fell again in December 

 to 35.4; being but little more than one-fourth 



of what it brought at the close of the last 

 century. 



In 1836, in January, the price was 36; in 

 June, 48.11; in October, 46.4; in Decem- 

 ber, 57.9 — an advance of seventy per cent, 

 upon the price of December, 1835. 



In 1837, it fell again, till in May it was 

 52.10; in June, 54.9; in August, 57.5; in 

 September, 54.11; in December, 51.3. 



In 1838, in January, 53.5; in February, 

 55.5; in March, 56.6; in August, 73.8; in 

 September it fell to 64.9; but it rose again 

 till, towards the last of December, it was 

 78.4. 



In 1839, in January, it reached 81.6; in 

 in April it fell to 70.1 ; in July and August 

 it was 71.8; in December, 66.11. 



We have Tooke's prices no later than 

 this year, and therefore have only the price, 

 on the 1st of November, to 1843, as given 

 in Parliament by Lord John Russell, as fol- 

 lows: In 1840, November Ist, 63; in 1841, 

 November 1st, 63.2; in 1842, November 

 1st, 50. 



In 1843, the price in February was 51 ; 

 in June, 49 ; in August, 62 ; in IDecember, 

 51.8. 



In June, 1844, it was 55.8; in August, 

 40.1. 



In 1845, in June, 47.10; in August, 57; 

 in December, 58.6. 



In January, 1846, it was 56.3 ; in March, 

 .54.10; in August, 47.5; in October, 58.10; 

 in November, 62.3 ; in December, 60.3. 



In 1847, up to the present time, January 

 2nd, 64.4; January 20th, 73.3; February 

 6th, 73.10; February 13th, 71. 10; Febru- 

 ary 27th, 74.6 ; March 20th, 75.10; March 

 27th, 77; April 10th, 74:.— Massachusetts 

 Plovghman. 



Good and Bad Farming. 



Look at the contrast between a good 

 farmer and a bad one — between a neat thrifty 

 cultivator of the soil, and a slack and sloven- 

 ly one. The buildings of the one, whether 

 large or small, are all in good repair. The 

 premises about them are clean, and unen- 

 cumbered by piles of rubbish and brush. His 

 wood is cut and placed under cover in proper 

 season. His tillage and mowing fields are 

 clean of weeds, bushes, and stones. His 

 walls and fences have no unsightly gaps. 

 His fruit trees are well trimmed and well 

 cultivated, and are kept free from cattle and 

 caterpillars. His barn-yard or barn-cellar 

 evinces the high value he places on manure, 

 by the care he bestows in making and sav- 

 ing it, and his lands from year to year, show 

 that they experience the full benefit of a 

 right application of it. He is at work, boys 



