No. 4. 



Hoio to Treat Lard. — Cold Bed-rooms. 



129 



livery by the hose ; 5s. by the water-cart ; 

 lis. or Vis. in the distribution of stable ma- 

 nure." There is this great disadvantage 

 alf^o (adds Mr. C.) in favour of the hose, 

 though you cannot give an estimate in mo- 

 ney value as to the relative amounts — that 

 in the distribution by the water-carts there 

 is the poaching' of the land by the weight of 

 the cart and hose, and probably the damage 

 of which would be more than 5s., and, of 

 course, still greater damage in the case of 

 the cartage of the heavier produce of stable 

 manure. Mr. Chad wick subsequently says: 

 " I think these 2,000 gallons of sewer water 

 were found equal to about three cwt. of gua- 

 no, and about fifteen tons of stable manure. 

 But there was another important point which 

 was established beyond a doubt, which was, 

 that the friction through the hose, for a con- 

 siderable length, was much less than we an- 

 ticipated; for instance, we used half a mile 

 of hose, and carrying it on the surface, over 

 furrows, and through a ditch, and over a 

 hedge, I think at the end of 800 yards it 

 gave out a jet something, as near as I could 

 judge, of 40 feet, nearly half the height due 

 to the pressure. These e.xperiments ap- 

 peared to establish the fact that the hose, in 

 maoy circumstances, for the delivery of a 

 given quantity of water, even considering it 

 as a means for the distribution of simple wa- 

 ter, would have been cheaper than the water 

 meadow itself; and you have the advantage, 

 also, with that, of being able to apply the 

 liquid manure to arable cultivation. With 

 the water-meadow you only apply it to grass 

 land. There are several gentlemen now 

 who, have recommended this process of dis- 

 tribution by the hose, who are now applying 

 it." 



The e.xperiments made by horticulturists 

 have also been equally successful. Mr. 

 Pince, a very able horticulturist near Exe- 

 ter, applies the liquid manure twice a week; 

 and with one of plain water, as he expresses 

 it, in the interval between each watering 

 with the liquid manure, he gets rid of fibrous 

 matter; and to use his own expression, "I 

 give this water with the manure in it so 

 clear, that if you were not to know what it 

 was, you would not object to drink it." Mr. 

 Knight, the horticulturist of Chelsea, is also 

 of opinion, from the successful experiments 

 he has made, that " farm-yard manure will 

 riot be much regarded after a few years; 

 people will give attention to the preparation 

 of manure in a liquid state." And another 

 authority, which we have already quoted 

 more than once — Mr. Smith, of Deanston — 

 says, " I have no doubt that when farmers 

 come to know better the fact and advantages 



of using this liquid, they will make their 

 dungsleads in covered tanks, and fill their 

 tanks with the liquid, and mix it with their 

 manure." 



The experience of the Duke of Portland 

 and others discloses al.so another curious 

 fact, namely, that the liquid manure is 

 equally efficacious during trost as at other 

 periods. 



Here, then, we bring the subject to a 

 close. Enough of practical experience has 

 been brought forward to show the vast bene- 

 fit that cannot fail to accrue by the general 

 application of this new species of manure to 

 both tillage and grass lands; and no question 

 is more deserving of a deliberate discussion 

 by those useful institutions, the farmers' 

 clubs, than the information that may be eli- 

 cited by such of their members as have 

 found their account in its adoption. — Farm- 

 ers'' Magazine. 



How TO TREAT Lard. — The trying of 

 lard is an important branch of economy, re- 

 quiring no little care and some direct in- 

 formation. Water, be it remembered, should 

 never be made use of in this process, sjfice 

 it cooks the fat and makes it soft and liable 

 to become speedily rancid. Put a lump of 

 fat into a pot, and then stand the pot along- 

 side of the fire, gathering round it a few em- 

 bers; let a little of the fat try out, afler 

 which put the fat over the fire; with such 

 precaution there is no danger of the lard 

 scorching and no need of water, but the 

 lard, when fully cold, will be found quite 

 firm and solid, which cannot be the case if 

 water be made use of in trying out. — Scie7i- 

 tific American. 



It should be kept well stirred — and salt is 

 not essential, though a little will do no harm. 



Cold Bed-rooms. — A person accustomed 

 to undress in a room without a fire, and to 

 seek repose in a cold bed, will not experi- 

 ence the least inconvenience, even in the 

 severest weather. The natural heat of his 

 body will very speedily render him even 

 more comfortably warm than the individual 

 who sleeps in a heated apartment, and in a 

 bed thus artificially warmed, and who will 

 be extremely liable to a sensation of chilli- 

 ness as soon as the artificial heat is dissi- 

 pated. But this is not all — the constitution 

 of the former will be rendered more robust, 

 and fur less susceptible to the influence of 

 atmospherical vicissitudes than that of the 

 latter. — Journal of Health. 



