320 



Scolding. — The Grain Trade of the United States. Vol. XII. 



Scolding. — It has neither reason, religion, 

 common sense, or experience to recommend 

 it; while there are reasons many and mighty 

 to justify its total and immediate abolition. 

 It sours the temper of the children; so that 

 one thorough scolding prepares the way for 

 two or three more. It sours your temper, 

 provided it is sweet, wliich is a question, if 

 you are prone to scold ; and thus the more 

 you scold, the more you will have to scold, 

 because you have become crosser, and your 

 children likewise. Scolding alienates the 

 hearts of your children. Depend upon it, 

 they cannot love you as well after you have 

 be-raled them as they did before. You may 

 reproach them with firmness and decision, 

 you may punish them with severity, ade- 

 quate to the nature of their offences, and 

 they will feel the justice of your conduct, 

 and love you notwithstanding all. But they 

 hate scolding. It stirs up the bad blood, 

 while it discloses your weakness, and lowers 

 you in their esteem. Especially at night, 

 when they are about to retire, their hearts 

 should be melted and moulded with voices 

 of kindness, that they may go to their slum 

 bers with thoughts of love stealing around 

 their souls, and whispering peace. 



The Grain Trade of the United States. 



Growth — Consumption — and Supply. 



The Commissioner of Patents, says Bick- 

 nell's Reporter, has prepared some valuable 

 tables in relation to the grain trade of the 

 United States. He has divided the subject 

 under three heads — first, the production in 

 1847 — second, the consumption and the sur- 

 plus — and third, the disposition of that sur- 

 plus. According to his estimate, the whole 

 crop was as follows: 



Brcadstuffs : — 



Indian corn bu. 530,350,000 



Wheat, " 114,245,500 



Ryo " i!9,2'22,700 



Buckwheat, " 11,673,200 



Grain not used for Bread: — 



Oats, " 



Barley, " 



167,867,000 

 5,649,000 



094,491,400 



-173,516,000 



868,007,400 



Total grain. 

 Other articles of Food: — 



Potatoes bu. 100,950,000 



Beans and peas, " 50,000,000 



Rice, pounds 103,640,390 



Estimated population of the U. Stales, 20,740,400 



The usual computation of statistics is, that 

 five bushels of wheat are consumed by each 

 individual ; but inasmuch as in this country, 

 animal food is more largely used than in any 

 other, while Indian corn is substituted for 

 wheat by a large class, and especially the 

 ■ lave population, it is assumed that an estimate 



of three bushels of wheat each for the entire 

 population, or three and a half each, exclud- 

 ing slaves, would be about correct. The es- 

 timate for Indian corn is five bushels each, 

 rye half a bushel, buckwheat a quarter of a 

 bushel. This gives an aggregate of eight 

 and three-quarters of grain for each inhabit- 

 ant. An allowance is also made for animals 

 — say five bushels each of corn for horses 

 and swine, one bushel per head for neat cat- 

 tle, and one quarter of a bushel for sheep. 

 Poultry, it is supposed, consumes about 

 5,000,000 bushels of corn during the year. 



The allowance for seed is 6,000,000 bush- 

 els for corn ; for wheat, one bushel in ten ; 

 rye, one in eight; buckwheat, one in six- 

 teen ; and oats, one in twenty. 



For distilling, the estimate is 25,000,000 

 bushels of corn, and 10,000,000 rye. 



These premises lead to the following con- 

 clusions relative to the surplus : — 



Surplus. 

 bu. 114,245,500 

 11,424,550 

 62,239,200-73,663,750-40,581,750 



bu 539,350,000 



Wheat. 



Production, 1847. 



Seed, 



Consumption, 



Corn. 

 Production, 



Seed, 6,000,000 



Consumption, 103,732,000 

 Do. by animals, 230,963,096 

 Distilling, &c. 25,000,000 — 365,695,096—173,654,904 



Rye. 

 Production, bu. 29,222,700 

 Seed, 3,652,587 

 Consumption, 10,374,200 

 Distilling, 10,000,000 24,025,787 5,196,913 



Buckwheat. 

 Production, bu. 11,674,278 

 Seed, 723,343 

 Consumption, 6,000,000 6,723,343 4,950,935 



Total, 



bu. 224,384,502 



With regard to the disposition of the sur- 

 plus, the Commissioner says that the princi- 

 pal corn-purchasing countries of the world 

 are Great Britain, France, Holland, the West 

 India islands, British American colonies, Bra- 

 zil and South America generally. They 

 annually require about 33,000.000 bu.>fhels of 

 wheat, exclusive of other grain, as follows: 



Total, 33,250,000 



This is the estimate for the demand under 

 ordinary circumstances. Of course a plen- 

 tiful harvest will diminish it, while on the 

 other hand a short harvest, or destruction of 

 some crop like the potatoe will greatly in- 

 crease it. In 1847 it was greatly increased 

 by the latter cause. 



If the above estimate, and that which pre- 



