10 



Fruit Trees. — Durliam Cattle. 



Vol. VIII. 



the importance of introducing valuable seed- 

 lings from the West, where, it is understood, 

 any quantity can be obtained on reasonable 

 terms, or instead of the young grafted trees, 

 the grafts of the best sorts, may be brought 

 eastward, and inserted by our farmers or 

 nurserymen. It is to be hoped that the 

 coming season, the Western nurserymen 

 will forward either the trees or grafts, to a 

 market in the Atlantic States. 



The quince tree is much shorter lived 

 than the apple, and the most common mode 

 of raising it is from suckers ; the conse- 

 quence is, that we are constantly growing 

 old trees that produce imperfect fruit, and 

 that in small quantities ; when, by raising 

 them from the seed, young and vigorous 

 trees would be produced, that would repay 

 us with abundance of fine, fair fruit. 'I'he 

 quince from the seed, will produce fruit in 

 five or six years. 



It would be well to consider whether bud- 

 ding of peach trees of the same variety, for 

 twenty or thirty years, without resort to 

 seedlings produced from the stones, may not 

 be the cause of some of the infirmities of 

 that most valuable fruit. It is questionable 

 whether the extreme length of life of a 

 peach tree is more than thirty or forty years, 

 if so, the system of budding without resort 

 to seedlings, should not be extended over 

 more than half that period. 



The foregoing suggestions have been 

 thrown out with the view of inducing some 

 of our able and experienced cultivators of 

 fruit trees to take the field, and give us 

 through the pages of the Farmers' Cabinet 

 the result of their observation and experi- 

 ence on this very interesting subject. 



There is a spirit abroad, on the subject of 

 increasing the quantity of good fruit, both 

 for domestic consumption and for sale in the 

 market; and the correspondents of the Cabi- 

 net, who will furnish essays of a practical 

 character, calculated to instruct its nume- 

 rous readers on this interesting subject, will 

 deserve the thanks of the public. Poma. 



N. B. It would be well for the Ohio nur- 

 serymen, where they have certain knowledge 

 of valuable sorts of apples being derived from 

 seedlings in the West, to give them the 

 name of "Ohio seedling bell-flower," &c. ; 

 so as to preserve the origin of the most es- 

 teemed Western seedlings. 



Let no man be ashamed to work. Let 

 no man be ashamed of a hard fist or a sun- 

 burnt countenance. Let him be ashamed 

 only of ignorance and sloth. Let no man 

 be ashamed of poverty. Let him only b& 

 ashamed of idleness and dishonesty. 



Durham Cattle. 



Editor of the Cabinet, — Sir: being de- 

 sirous to obtain for my farm a superior breed 

 of cattle, expressly for milk, butter, and beef, 

 I have, for some time past, been considering 

 which is the best for that purpose; and from 

 what I have heard, together with what little 

 I know concerning the imported breeds of 

 cattle, I have at length come to the conclu- 

 sion, that the Durham Short-horns are pre- 

 ferable for those two qualities; but being yet 

 too inexperienced in the difterent varieties 

 and breeds of Short-horn cattle, to depend 

 solely upon my own judgment for a choice, 

 I have deemed it prudent, before purchasing, 

 to ask of you the following information : As 

 I have heard the Short-lforns called by the 

 various appellations of the Oid Improved 

 Durham Short-horns; Puse Improved Dur- 

 ham Short-horns; Alloy breed; Teeswater 

 breed ; my wish is to know, first ; from what 

 breeds the pure Improved Durham Short- 

 horns came : second ; whence came the Alloy 

 breed: third; whether the Teeswater is the 

 same as the Old Unimproved Durham Short- 

 horns, or as belonging to the Yorkshire breed 

 of Short-horns : and fourthly; which breed 

 of Short-horns is to be preferred. It is class- 

 ing these four breeds, all under the name of 

 Durham cattle, by crosses, &c., that puzzles 

 me. I beg pardon for the freedom I have 

 used, but knowing your willingness at all 

 times, to give your readers any information 

 in the agricultural line, I am glad to apply 

 to the columns of your valuable paper for it. 

 A Constant Subscriber. 



At a meeting of the Board of Agriculture 

 of the American Institute, held at the Re- 

 pository, Wednesday, 26th of April, 1843; 

 "A standing committee of four, was ap- 

 pointed on milk, with power to pursue mea- 

 sures to prevent impostures in watering, &c., 

 and to report to the Board the means of de- 

 ception resorted to, and other facts and sta- 

 tistics worthy of their attention. A skilful 

 artist belonging to the Institute, has been 

 consulted, who is confident that an instru- 

 ment may be made, that will at once, by 

 being immersed, indicate the quantity of 

 water, so that a child can understand it. It 

 is demonstrable if the specific gravity of wa- 

 ter is 3^: per cent, less than milk, as laid 

 down by the best authority — that such an 

 instrument can be made and afforded for a 

 trifle. It was stated by a member at the 

 meeting of the Institute, formerly resident 

 in London, that they were in use in that 

 city, and answered the purpose sought," — V. 

 8. Farmer. 



